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| Antoni Gaudí in the Sagrada Família |
The Basílica i Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Família is a church in Barcelona, designed by Antoni Gaudí (1852–1926). Although incomplete, the church is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Construction of Sagrada Família commenced in 1882 and Gaudí became involved in 1883 taking over the project and transforming it with his architectural and engineering style, combining Gothic and curvilinear Art Nouveau forms. Gaudí devoted his last years to the project, and at the time of his death at age 73 in 1926, less than a quarter of the project was complete.
Sagrada Família's construction progressed slowly, as it relied on private donations and was interrupted by the Spanish Civil War, only to resume intermittent progress in the 1950s.
Construction passed the midpoint in 2010 with some of the project's greatest challenges remaining and an anticipated completion date of 2026, the centenary of Gaudí's death.
More information: The Sagrada Família Official Web
The towers on the Nativity façade are crowned with geometrically shaped tops that are reminiscent of Cubism, they were finished around 1930 and the intricate decoration is contemporary to the style of Art Nouveau, but Gaudí's unique style drew primarily from nature, not other artists or architects, and resists categorization.
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| Antoni Gaudí inside The Sagrada Família |
Gaudí used hyperboloid structures in later designs of the Sagrada Família, more obviously after 1914, however there are a few places on the Nativity façade—a design not equated with Gaudí's ruled-surface design—where the hyperboloid crops up.
All around the scene with the pelican there are numerous examples, including the basket held by one of the figures.
There is a hyperboloid adding structural stability to the cypress tree by connecting it to the bridge. And finally, the bishop's mitre spires are capped with hyperboloid structures. In his later designs, ruled surfaces are prominent in the nave's vaults and windows and the surfaces of the Passion façade.
Themes throughout the decoration include words from the liturgy. The towers are decorated with words such as Hosanna, Excelsis, and Sanctus; the great doors of the Passion façade reproduce words from the Bible in various languages including Catalan; and the Glory façade is to be decorated with the words from the Apostles' Creed.
The three entrances symbolize the three virtues: Faith, Hope and Love. Each of them is also dedicated to a part of Christ's life. The Nativity Façade is dedicated to his birth; it also has a cypress tree, which symbolizes the tree of life. The Glory façade is dedicated to his glory period. The Passion façade is symbolic of his suffering. The apse tower bears Latin text of Hail Mary. All in all, the Sagrada Família is symbolic of the lifetime of Christ
Those who look for the laws of Nature as a support
for
their new works collaborate with the creator.
Antoni Gaudí
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