JOAQUÍN S. LAVADO "QUINO", MAFALDA'S FATHER DIES

Today, The Stones have continued studying their English classes. They have reviewed Relative Pronouns, some State Verbs and Let's go expressions.

They continue in Manchester working in their new project about Brauny's home and they have received some sad news about Quino, the Argentine cartoonist known by his comic strip Mafalda. He has passed away and The Stones want to pay homage to him talking about him and his cartoons.

Joaquín Salvador Lavado Tejón, better known by his pen name Quino (17 July 1932-30 September 2020), was an Argentine cartoonist. His comic strip Mafalda (which ran from 1964 to 1973) is popular in many parts of the Americas and Europe and has been praised for its use of social satire as a commentary on real-life issues.

Joaquín Salvador Lavado Tejón was born in Mendoza, Argentina, on 17 July 1932 to emigrant Andalusian parents from Fuengirola, Málaga. Because of their limited social circle, he spoke with an Andalusian accent until the age of six. He retained an affection for his parents' Spanish culture and flamenco into later life. He obtained Spanish citizenship in 1990 and remained a dual citizen of Spain and Argentina.

He was called Quino since childhood, to distinguish him from his uncle, the illustrator Joaquín, who helped to awaken his vocation of cartooning at an early age.

In 1945, after the death of his mother, he enrolled and started his studies at Escuela de Bellas Artes de Mendoza. Shortly after, his father died in 1948 when Quino was 16 years old. A year later he abandoned his studies, with the intent to become a cartoonist. Soon he would sell his first illustration, an advertisement for a fabric store.

More information: Relative Pronouns & State Verbs

His first humor page was published in the weekly magazine, Esto Es, which led to the publication of other works in many other magazines: Leoplán, TV Guía, Vea y Lea, Damas y Damitas, Usted, Panorama, Adán, Atlántida, Che, the daily Democracia.

In 1954, his cartoons became regulars in Rico Tipo, Tía Vicenta, and Dr. Merengue.

His first compilation book, Mundo Quino, was published in 1963. At the same time he was developing pages for an advertising campaign for Mansfield, an electrical household appliance company, for which he created the character of Mafalda, basing her name on the same sounds as in the Mansfield brand name.

The advertising campaign never was executed, which led to the publication of Mafalda's first story in Leoplán. Subsequently, it appeared regularly in the weekly magazine Primera Plana, since the director of the magazine was a friend of Quino.

Between 1965 and 1967 it was published in the newspaper El Mundo; soon after the first compilation book was released, it began to be published in Italy, Spain where, on account of Franco-era censorship, it was tagged as for adults only, Portugal, and many other countries.

Mafalda was created as an irreverent and non-conformist six-year-old who hated fascism, militarism and soup, and loved The Beatles.

The character attempted to reflect the world of adults as seen through the eyes of a smart child. Her friends reflected different personalities like the insecure but studious Felipe, the gossip-girl Susanita, the sturdy but dim-witted Manolito, the naive Miguelito, the rebel and witty Libertad and Mafalda's baby brother Guille. The character and the series has been compared to Charles M. Schulz's Peanuts comic series.

Quino abandoned the story of Mafalda on 25 June 1973, claiming that he wanted to avoid repeating himself; in later years, however, he said that the changing political landscape in Latin America had also influenced his decision: If I had continued drawing her, they would have shot me.

Following the 1976 coup d'état in Argentina, he moved to Milan, Italy, where he continued to create humor pages. Although he never returned to Mafalda and her friends in a comic strip format, he did use the character at certain specific moment: to illustrate the Declaration of the Rights of the Child for UNICEF. Argentine producer Daniel Mallo converted 260 Mafalda strips into a TV show in 1965.

In 2008, at the initiative of the Museo del Dibujo y la Ilustración, the company Subterráneos de Buenos Aires created a mural of Mafalda in the Perú metro station at the Plaza de Mayo in Buenos Aires.

In 2009, Quino participated with an original Mafalda work, created for El Mundo, in the Bicentennial: 200 years of Graphic Humor that the Museo del Dibujo y la Ilustración held at the Eduardo Sívori Museum of Buenos Aires.

More information: Quino

While Mafalda continued to be used for human rights campaigns in Argentina and abroad, Quino dedicated himself to writing other editorial-style comics. The comics were published in Argentina and abroad. Since 1982, the Argentine newspaper Clarín has published his cartoons weekly.

After a visit with Cuban cartoon director Juan Padrón, the two produced a series of cartoons. Between 1986 and 1988, they made six Quinoscopio cartoons through the Instituto Cubano del Arte e Industrias Cinematográficos, none of which were longer than six minutes.

In addition, the pair worked on 104 short Mafalda cartoons in 1994. Quino eventually retired in 2006. While Mafalda concentrated on children and their innocent, realistic view of the world, his later comics featured ordinary people with ordinary feelings.

The humor is characteristically cynical, often poking fun at real-life situations, such as marriage, technology, authority, and food. This cynical humor is attributed as one of the reasons for his success throughout Latin America and much of the world outside Latin America.

His cartoons of aporteñado Argentine topic of the 1960s and 1970s have been edited and translated into 26 different languages apart from the original Rioplatense Spanish. Collected in numerous volumes by Argentine publisher Ediciones de la Flor, these comics are readily available.

Quino died on 30 September 2020 from a stroke, at the age of 88.

More information: Instagram @MafaldaDigital

 La vida debería ser al revés;

Se debería empezar muriendo y así ese trauma está superado;

luego te despiertas en una residencia mejorando día a día…

después te echan de la residencia porque ya estás bien,

y ¡lo primero que haces es cobrar tu pensión!

Luego en tu primer día de trabajo te dan un reloj de oro…

Trabajas 40 años hasta que seas lo bastante joven

como para disfrutar de tu retiro laboral;

entonces vas de fiesta en fiesta, bebes, practicas el sexo

y te preparas para empezar a estudiar.

Luego empiezas el colegio, jugando con tus amigos

sin ningún tipo de obligación, hasta que seas bebé.

Y te pasas los últimos nueve meses flotando tranquilo,

con calefacción central, servicio de habitaciones...

Y al final abandonas este mundo en un gran orgasmo!

 

Quino

INVEST IN NEW PROPIERTIES, COMPARE PROS & CONS

The Stones are spending their last days in Manchester. The Grandma has bought some new properties and they are deciding what to do with them. They have had enough time to review some English Grammar. They have studied Present Simple vs. Present Continuous, Object Pronouns and The Comparative.

All the properties have emotional meaning for The Grandma and although it is impossible to choose only one, she wants to talk about a beautiful cottage acquired in St Mary Mead where lives one of the most famous grannies of the world, Miss Marple.

St Mary Mead is a fictional village created by popular crime fiction author Dame Agatha Christie.

The quaint, sleepy village was home to the renowned detective spinster Miss Marple. However, Agatha Christie first described a village of that name prior to Marple's introduction, in the 1928 Hercule Poirot novel The Mystery of the Blue Train. In that novel, St Mary Mead is home to the book's protagonist Katherine Grey. The village was first mentioned in a Miss Marple book in 1930, when it was the setting for the first Marple novel, The Murder at the Vicarage.

Miss Marple's St Mary Mead is described in The Murder at the Vicarage as being in the fictional county of Downshire, but in the later novel The Body in the Library Downshire has become Radfordshire.

In the BBC Miss Marple TV adaptation of Nemesis, a letter from Mr Rafiel's solicitors indicate that St Mary Mead is located in the also fictional county of Middleshire. The St Mary Mead of Katherine Grey is in Kent.

More information: Present Simple vs. Present Continuos

Miss Marple lives in Danemead Cottage, the last cottage in Old Pasture Lane. Her telephone number is three five on a manual exchange.

Once it has been fully established as Miss Marple's home village, St Mary Mead is supposed to be in South East England, 40 km from London. It is just outside the town of Much Benham and is close to Market Basing, which appears as a name of a town in many of Agatha Christie's novels and short stories, 19 km from the fashionable seaside resort of Danemouth, and also 19 km from the coastal town of Loomouth.

Other towns said to be close by include Brackhampton, Medenham Wells, and Milchester. The neighbourhood of St Mary Mead is served by trains arriving at Paddington railway station, indicating a location west or south west of London. 

It has been suggested that Market Basing is Basingstoke and Danemouth is Bournemouth. In the BBC Miss Marple television adaptations the Hampshire village of Nether Wallop was used as the setting for St Mary Mead. Brackhampton could be Bracknell, just north of Basingstoke.

Before World War II, the village itself was not particularly large. The only road of significance passing through the village was High Street. Here were the well-established purveyances of Mr Petherick, the solicitors; Mrs Jamieson, the hairdressers; Mr Thomas's basket-weavers; The Blue Boar Pub; Mr Footit's butchers, Mr Jim Armstrong's dairies, Mr Berks's bakers and Mr Baker's grocery shop.

The little-trafficked railway station, featured in the book The Murder at the Vicarage, is also located at the very end of High Street; though the station may have closed by the time of the novel 4.50 from Paddington as Mrs McGillicuddy has a taxi arranged for the 14 km from Milchester station to Miss Marple's house. Then, slightly further up Lansham Road, was the fine Victorian structure of Gossington Hall. Until the 1950s, this was home to the pompous retired military man, Colonel Arthur Bantry and his wife Mrs Dolly Bantry, Miss Marple's best friends in the village.

However, after Colonel Bantry died, Mrs Bantry sold the estate, but continued to live on in the grounds in the East Lodge. The Hall was later after one or two changes of ownership purchased by the film star Marina Gregg. One mile down Lansham Road was a very modern cottage called Chatsworth. It was also known as the Period Piece and Mr Booker's new house. It was bought in the early 1930s by Basil Blake, a member of the art department at Lemville film studios. It was also inhabited by Basil's wife, Dinah Lee an actress.

At the other end of Lansham Road, a small lane called Old Pasture Lane broke away from the main street. Nestled in this lane were three Queen Anne or Georgian houses, which belonged to three spinsters. The first house belonged to the long-nosed, gush and excitable Miss Caroline Wetherby. The second was Miss Amanda Hartnell, a proud, decent woman with a deep voice. The last cottage was called Danemead Cottage and it belonged to Miss Jane Marple, the famous spinster who solved countless cases between 1930 and 1976. The Post Office, and the dressmakers belonging to Mrs Politt, are located in front of the lane.

More information: The Comparative

The centre of the village was the Vicarage, the very grand Victorian structure at the end of the Lane. The Vicarage was home to The Vicar Leonard Clement and his pretty young wife, Griselda with their nephew: Dennis, and later their two sons, Leonard and David.

Near the gardens of the Vicarage was a back lane which led to a small cottage called Little Gates. Until 1930, it was inhabited by an Anglo-Indian colonel who moved away and briefly rented it out to Mrs Lestrange.

Beyond the Vicarage were two more houses. The first was the residence of the village GP, Doctor Gerard Haydock. He continued to live on in the village beyond 1960. The other cottage was much larger than Dr Haydock's. It belonged to Mrs Martha Price-Ridley, a rich and dictatorial widow, and the most vicious gossip of all the old ladies in the village.

There was also a large estate, Old Hall, belonging to the despised local magistrate, Colonel Lucius Protheroe. He was murdered in 1930 in Mr Clement's study in the Vicarage. After his death, the mansion was turned into a block of flats, to the great disapproval of the villagers.

More information: Object Pronouns

The flats housed Mrs Carmichael, a rich and eccentric old lady who was bullied by her maid, the Larkins, two sisters by the name of Skinner, one of whom was a supposed hypochondriac, and a young married couple, and a robbery was later committed by the Skinner sisters.

Finally, just beyond the home of the dreaded Price-Ridley, as she is known by other villagers, was a small stream, leading to the fields of Farmer Giles. 

However, the Second World War took its toll on the village, and soon after the war Farmer Giles's fields were bought and tarmacked over; and a new housing estate was built upon it. This was referred to as The Development by the villagers who survived the war.

A very large hospital was also built near, manned by many doctors and nurses. As well as this there were some very large hotels and three film studios: Lemville, Elstree and Hellingforth.

More information: The Guardian

Everybody in St Mary Mead knew Miss Marple; 

fluffy and dithery in appearance,

but inwardly as sharp and as shrewd as they make them.

Agatha Christie

OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS & SARS-CoV-2 IN THE USA

Today, The Stones have received the amazing visit of DR, their Occupational Hazards consultor.

With the current situation, Occupational Hazards have more importance and we must protect and care ourselves not only at home but at work. The family is going to travel to Hawaii and they want to know which kind of measures have been taken in the USA to prevent SARS-CoV-2 contagion.

While The Stones have been talking with DR about it, The Grandma has visited a business consultor and investor. She wants to do an important business in Manchester before travelling to Hawaii.

The risks from SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), for workers depends on how extensively the virus spreads between people; the severity of resulting illness; pre-existing medical conditions workers may have; and the medical or other measures available to control the impact of the virus and the relative success of these measures. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides detailed information about this topic.

According to the CDC, certain people, including older adults and those with underlying conditions such as heart or lung disease or diabetes, are at higher risk for developing more serious complications from COVID-19.

Classifying Risk of Worker Exposure to SARS-CoV-2

Worker risk of occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 during a pandemic may depend in part on the industry type and the need for contact within 6 feet of people known to be, or suspected of being, infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Other factors, such as conditions in communities where employees live and work, their activities outside of work (including travel to COVID-19-affected areas), and individual health conditions, may also affect workers' risk of getting COVID-19 and/or developing complications from the illness.

OSHA has divided job tasks into four risk exposure levels: very high, high, medium, and lower risk, as shown in the occupational risk pyramid, below. The four exposure risk levels represent the probable distribution of risk. Most American workers will likely fall in the lower exposure risk (caution) or medium exposure risk levels.

Lower Exposure Risk (Caution)

Jobs that do not require contact with people known to be, or suspected of being, infected with SARS-CoV-2. Workers in this category have minimal occupational contact with the public and other coworkers. Examples include:

-Remote workers (those working from home during the pandemic).

-Office workers who do not have frequent close contact with coworkers, customers, or the public.

-Manufacturing and industrial facility workers who do not have frequent close contact with coworkers, customers, or the public.

-Healthcare workers providing only telemedicine services.

-Long-distance truck drivers.

Medium Exposure Risk

Jobs that require frequent/close contact with people who may be infected, but who are not known to have or suspected of having COVID-19. Workers in this category include:

-Those who may have frequent contact with travelers who return from international locations with widespread COVID-19 transmission.

-Those who may have contact with the general public (in schools, high population density work environments, and some high-volume retail settings).

High Exposure Risk

Jobs with a high potential for exposure to known or suspected sources of SARS-CoV-2. Workers in this category include:

-Healthcare delivery and support staff (hospital staff who must enter patients’ rooms) exposed to known or suspected COVID-19 patients.

-Medical transport workers (ambulance vehicle operators) moving known or suspected COVID-19 patients in enclosed vehicles.

-Mortuary workers involved in preparing bodies for burial or cremation of people known to have, or suspected of having, COVID-19 at the time of death.

Very High Exposure Risk

Jobs with a very high potential for exposure to known or suspected sources of SARS-CoV-2 during specific medical, postmortem, or laboratory procedures. Workers in this category include:

-Healthcare workers (doctors, nurses, dentists, paramedics, emergency medical technicians) performing aerosol-generating procedures (intubation, cough induction procedures, bronchoscopies, some dental procedures and exams, or invasive specimen collection) on known or suspected COVID-19 patients.

-Healthcare or laboratory personnel collecting or handling specimens from known or suspected COVID-19 patients (manipulating cultures from known or suspected COVID-19 patients).

-Morgue workers performing autopsies, which generally involve aerosol-generating procedures, on the bodies of people who are known to have, or are suspected of having, COVID-19 at the time of their death.

Guide to action for the prevention of occupational risk in the event of highly infectious dangerous biological agents in health facilities

Life doesn’t get easier or more forgiving,

we get stronger and more resilient.

Steve Maraboli

POBLE NOU IN BARCELONA, THE CATALAN MANCHESTER

Today, The Stones are preparing their next trip to Hawaii.

 

Mireia Stone continues her process of recovering after being missing after a boat accident and The Grandma is doing her last businesses in Manchester, a city very familiar for her, because she lives in Barcelona where there is a popular neighbourhood named Poblenou which during the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century, was the epicenter of Catalan and Iberian industry, earning it its sobriquet of the Catalan Manchester.

El Poblenou, Catalan for new village is an extensive neighborhood of Barcelona in Sant Martí district that borders the Mediterranean Sea to the south, Sant Adrià del Besòs to the east, Parc de la Ciutadella in Ciutat Vella to the west, and Horta-Guinardó and Sant Andreu to the north.

It is technically part of the Eixample, its layout having been drafted by Ildefons Cerdà, although the historic center of the neighborhood, which was once a town entirely separated from Barcelona, predates the grid.

During the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century, Poblenou was the epicenter of Catalan and Iberian industry, earning it its sobriquet of the Catalan Manchester.

Surrounding the extensive cluster of factories stood mostly working class residential areas. When the industrial buzz passed, the neighborhood fell into a state of abandon and after a period of decay, the neighborhood underwent a dramatic transformation.

The Olympic Games in 1992 were the main trigger for this massive transformation of El Poblenou. Many of the areas that have been developed -including the Vila Olímpica, the Diagonal Mar area, and the Fòrum area- arguably comprise their own neighborhoods.

Completing its original, unfinished plan, The Avinguda Diagonal now stretches from Plaça de les Glòries to the sea.

The massive 22@ plan sets to convert Poblenou into the city's technological and innovation district, as well as to increase leisure and residential spaces.

Alongside the newly built, upscale Vila Olímpica and Diagonal Mar areas, many artists and young professionals have converted the former factories and warehouses into lofts, glleries, and shops. Art & Design schools and studios have also opened, making the area known for its creative outlook.

Some of the old factory buildings are now declared historic monuments and are under protection. This is the case of the Factory Hispania SA, built by the Cuban-German merchant Emilio Heydrich, and architect Josep Graner in 1923, or the factory of chemicals Valls, Teixidor i Jordana.

The leafy Rambla del Poblenou, which stretches from Avinguda Diagonal to the beach, is the main commercial street.

El Poblenou lies between the great beaches of Barcelona and city center which allow its residents on the one hand a great chilled beach lifestyle and, on the other hand, proximity to a huge variety of shopping centers, bars and restaurants. Due to its rising popularity, prices of flats in the area have increased dramatically. Besides good beaches this neighborhood offers wide open spaces, green parks and relatively few tourists.

Notable buildings of Poblenou include the Torre Agbar by Jean Nouvel, Herzog & de Meuron's Forum Building, which houses Europe's largest scale model of a city, and the ME Barcelona Hotel, former Habitat Sky Hotel by Dominique Perrault.

Major public spaces include the Parc de Diagonal Mar by Enric Miralles, the Plaça de les Glòries Catalanes, the Parc Central del Poblenou by Jean Nouvel, the beachfront Parc del Poblenou, the vast Parc del Forum, Oficines Diagonal 197 by David Chipperfield, the Media-Tic Building by Enric Ruiz Geli-CLOUD 9 and the historic Poblenou Cemetery as well as many kilometres of beaches.

More information: Cibernàrium

Això és cosa de Can Paquetilla.

Poblenou's refrain

THE BECKHAMS, MANCHESTER CITY & THE SPICE GIRLS

Mireia Stone has been found alive. Although she does not remember anything, she is fine and doctors say she will recover her memory in a few days. The Grandma wants to be grateful with all people who have helped The Stones to find one of their beloved members. Lots of people have participated in this searched and she wants to talk about two of them, The Beckhams, because thanks to their popularity and their campaign in social media, this disappearance has been known by more people and this has been essential to find Mireia.

David Robert Joseph Beckham (born 2 May 1975) is an English former professional footballer, the current president & co-owner of Inter Miami CF and co-owner of Salford City.

He played for Manchester United, Preston North End, Real Madrid, Milan, LA Galaxy, Paris Saint-Germain and the England national team, for which he held the appearance record for an outfield player until 2016. He is the first English player to win league titles in four countries: England, Spain, the United States and France. He retired in May 2013 after a 20-year career, during which he won 19 major trophies.

Beckham's professional club career began with Manchester United, where he made his first-team debut in 1992 at age 17. With United, he won the Premier League title six times, the FA Cup twice, and the UEFA Champions League in 1999.

In July 2007, Beckham signed a five-year contract with Major League Soccer club LA Galaxy. While a Galaxy player, he spent two loan spells in Italy with Milan in 2009 and 2010. He was the first British footballer to play 100 UEFA Champions League games.

In international football, Beckham made his England debut on 1 September 1996 at the age of 21. He was captain for six years, earning 58 caps during his tenure. He made 115 career appearances in total, appearing at three FIFA World Cup tournaments, in 1998, 2002 and 2006, and two UEFA European Championship tournaments, in 2000 and 2004.

Known for his range of passing, crossing ability and bending free-kicks as a right winger, Beckham has been hailed as one of the greatest and most recognisable midfielders of his generation, as well as one of the best set-piece specialists of all time.

He was runner-up in the Ballon d'Or in 1999, twice runner-up for FIFA World Player of the Year and in 2004 was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100 list of the world's greatest living players.

He was inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2008. A global ambassador for the sport, Beckham is regarded as a British cultural icon.

Beckham has consistently ranked among the highest earners in football, and in 2013 was listed as the highest-paid player in the world, having earned over $50 million in the previous 12 months.

He has been married to Victoria Beckham since 1999 and they have four children. He has been a UNICEF UK ambassador since 2005, and in 2015 he launched 7: The David Beckham UNICEF Fund.

In 2014, MLS announced that Beckham and a group of investors would own Inter Miami CF, which began play in 2020.

More information: Instagram-David Beckham

We stay as a team.
I might be England captain,
but that doesn't mean I get treated differently.

 

David Beckham

Victoria Caroline Beckham (née Adams; born 17 April 1974) is an English singer, fashion designer and television personality.

She rose to prominence in the 1990s as a member of the girl group the Spice Girls, in which she was nicknamed Posh Spice. With over 85 million records sold worldwide, the group became the best-selling female group of all time.

After the Spice Girls split in 2001, Beckham was signed to Virgin Records, in which she released her self-titled debut solo album, which produced two UK Top 10 singles.

Beckham has starred in five official documentaries and reality shows, including Victoria's Secrets (2000), Being Victoria Beckham (2002), The Real Beckhams (2003), Victoria Beckham -A Mile In Their Shoes (2004), and Victoria Beckham: Coming to America (2007).

Beckham has become an internationally recognised style icon and fashion designer. 

She launched an eponymous label in 2008, and a lower-priced (diffusion) label in 2011. The Victoria Beckham label was named designer brand of the year in the UK in 2011; in 2012 the brand was assessed as the star performer in the Beckham family's business interests.

Writing in the Daily Telegraph in 2011, Belinda White noted that the transition from WAG to fashion designer had been more successful than most had predicted, saying: She has gathered a significant celebrity following and won over the scathing fashion pack who now clamour for a ticket to her bi-annual show at New York Fashion Week.

Beckham was appointed an OBE in the 2017 New Year Honours for services to the fashion industry. She is married to David Beckham.

More information: Instagram-Victoria Beckham

 I am a control freak.
I am very hands on and pay attention to details.

Victoria Beckham

MIREIA STONE RETURNS, THE FAMILY TRAVELS TO HAWAII

Today, The Stones have received some wonderful news. A woman whose description has a match with Mireia Stone has been found near the Mersey River, in an industrial suburb. The family is going to the Police Station to identify her because the police has told them that Mireia does not remember anything.

Until the arrival of the family and the correct identification, Mireia is going to be named Jane Doe, the true name of a person is unknown or is being intentionally concealed.

The Grandma wants to thank all people known and unknown, friends, colleagues, Manchester citizens, security and medical forces who have not giving up in her searching until she has appeared alive.

Lots of people have worked like Jack of all Trades searching Mireia, doing all kind of things, everywhere, all time.

John Doe (for males) and Jane Doe (for females) are multiple-use names that are used when the true name of a person is unknown or is being intentionally concealed.

In the context of law enforcement in the United States, such names are often used to refer to a corpse whose identity is unknown or unconfirmed.

Secondly, such names are also often used to refer to a hypothetical everyman in other contexts, in a manner similar to John Q. Public or Joe Public. There are many variants to the above names, including John Roe, Richard Roe, Jane Roe and Baby Doe, Janie Doe or Johnny Doe (for children).

In other English-speaking countries, unique placeholder names, numbers or codenames have become more often used in the context of police investigations.

This has included the United Kingdom, where usage of John Doe originated during the Middle Ages. However, the legal term John Doe injunction or John Doe order has survived in English law and other legal systems influenced by it.

Other names such as Joe Bloggs or John Smith have sometimes been informally used as placeholders for an everyman in the UK, Australia and New Zealand; such names are seldom used in legal or police circles in the same sense as John Doe.

The name John Doe or John Doo, Richard Roe, along with John Roe, were regularly invoked in English legal instruments to satisfy technical requirements governing standing and jurisdiction, beginning perhaps as early as the reign of England's King Edward III (1327–1377).

Though the rationale behind the choices of Doe and Roe is unknown, there are many suggested folk etymologies. Other fictitious names for a person involved in litigation in medieval English law were John Noakes or Nokes and John-a-Stiles or John Stiles.

The Oxford English Dictionary states that John Doe is the name given to the fictitious lessee of the plaintiff, in the (now obsolete in the UK) mixed action of ejectment, the fictitious defendant being called Richard Roe.

After this event, The Stones have decided to stay a pair of days in Manchester before starting their new trip to Hawaii.

More information: English Club

 A hurricane blows, brings a hard rain
When the blue sky breaks, feels like the world's gonna change
We'll start caring for each other like Jesus said that we might
I'm a Jack of all trades, we'll be alright...

 

Bruce Springsteen

BRAUNY STONE SEARCHES A NEW JOB IN MANCHESTER

The Stones and The Grandma continue searching Mireia Stone. They start being desperate and they have asked for help to all their friends around the world. Really, they can do nothing except waiting for police's work.

Brauny Stone has communicated to her family that she is not continuing this travel with them. She has decided to search a job in Manchester, a place that she has discovered she loves.

The family is going to lose two members in a few days if the authorities are not able to find their beautiful lovely Mireia.

The family is worried about the real situation of working after the global economic crisis which has affected lives of millions of people severely.

The Grandma has been reading about labour insertion, especially about the importance of the CV, the most important gate to access to a job interview.

More information: Speak Languages

A curriculum vitae, Latin for course of life, often shortened as CV or vita is a written overview of someone's life's work (academic formation, publications and qualifications).

Vitae often aim to be a complete record of someone's career, and can be extensive. They are (depending on country) used in the same way as a résumé, which is typically a brief 1–2 page summary of qualifications and work experience for the purposes of employment, and often only presents recent highlights.

In many countries, a résumé is typically the first item that a potential employer encounters regarding the job seeker and is typically used to screen applicants, often followed by an interview.

Vitae may also be requested for applicants to postsecondary programs, scholarships, grants and bursaries. In the 2010s it became popular for applicants to provide an electronic text of their CV to employers using email, an online employment website or using a job-oriented social-networking-service website, such as LinkedIn.

Download English for Job Interviews & Interviewing for a Job

More information: Preparing for a Job Interview in English

More information: Improving to Find New Chances

Canva is a graphic design platform that allows users to create social media graphics, presentations, posters and other visual content.

It is available on web and mobile, and integrates millions of images, fonts, templates and illustrations.

Users can choose from many professional designed templates, and edit the designs and upload their own photos through a drag and drop interface. The platform is free to use, and paid subscriptions like Canva Pro and Canva for Enterprise offer additional functionality. Users can also pay for physical products to be printed and shipped.

More information: European-CV & Canva

Take all the courses in your curriculum. Do the research. Ask questions. Find someone doing what you are interested in! Be curious!

Katherine Johnson

MIREIA STONE, MISSING ALONG THE MERSEY RIVER

The River Mersey is a river in the North West of England. Its name is derived from the Anglo-Saxon language and translates as boundary river.

 

The river may have been the border between the ancient kingdoms of Mercia and Northumbria, and for centuries it formed part of the boundary between the historic counties of Lancashire and Cheshire. The start of the Mersey is at the confluence of the River Tame and River Goyt in Stockport. It flows westwards through the suburban areas of south Manchester, then into the Manchester Ship Canal at Irlam, becoming a part of the canal and maintaining the canal's water levels.

After 6.4 km the river exits the canal, flowing towards Warrington where the river widens. It then narrows as it passes between the towns of Runcorn and Widnes. From Runcorn the river widens into a large estuary, which is 4.8 km across at its widest point near Ellesmere Port.

The course of the river then turns north as the estuary narrows between Liverpool and Birkenhead on the Wirral Peninsula to the west, and empties into Liverpool Bay. In total, the river flows 113 km.

More information: Mersey Ferries

A railway tunnel between Birkenhead and Liverpool as part of the Mersey Railway opened in 1886. Two road tunnels pass under the estuary from Liverpool: the Queensway Tunnel opened in 1934 connecting the city to Birkenhead, and the Kingsway Tunnel, opened in 1971, to Wallasey.

A road bridge, completed in 1961 and later named the Silver Jubilee Bridge, crosses between Runcorn and Widnes, adjacent to the Runcorn Railway Bridge which opened in 1868.

A second road bridge, the Mersey Gateway, opened in October 2017, carrying a six-lane road connecting Runcorn's Central Expressway with Speke Road and Queensway in Widnes.

The Mersey Ferry operates between Pier Head in Liverpool and Woodside in Birkenhead and Seacombe, and has become a tourist attraction, offering cruises that provide an overview of the river and surrounding areas.

Water quality in the Mersey was severely affected by industrialization, and in 1985, the Mersey Basin Campaign was established to improve water quality and encourage waterside regeneration.

In 2009, it was announced that the river is cleaner than at any time since the industrial revolution and is now considered one of the cleanest in the UK. The Mersey Valley Countryside Warden Service manages local nature reserves such as Chorlton Ees and Sale Water Park. The river gave its name to Merseybeat, developed by bands from Liverpool, notably the Beatles.

In 1965, it was the subject of the top-ten hit single Ferry Cross the Mersey by Gerry and the Pacemakers.

Its name is derived from the Anglo-Saxon mǣres, of a boundary and ēa, a river.

The Mersey was possibly the border river between Mercia and Northumbria. Its Welsh name is either Afon Mersi in essence a respelling of the name Mersey or Afon Merswy, apparently no older than the nineteenth century, with the suffix wy replacing the final syllable of the name, thought at the time to mean water; river and appropriate for forming river names.

Today, The Stones have sailed along the Mersey River. Before sailing along the river, the family had been studying some English grammar. They have revised Comparatives of Equality and the Order of Adjectives.

While they were contemplating the amazing, wonderful views, the boat has suffered a terrible accident, and it has sunk. All the members of the family has arrived swimming to the shore. All except Mireia Stone who is missing. The family has phoned the police, and they have started a great campaign in social networks asking for help and support.

More information: Comparative Equality Adjectives & Order of Adjectives

People they rush everywhere
Each with their own secret care
So ferry 'cross the Mersey
And always take me there
The place I love...

Gerry & The Peacemakers

THE STONES ARE VISITING WOLVERHAMPTON, STAFFS.

Today, The Stones and The Grandma have travelled from Manchester to Wolverhampton. Some days ago, Pep Guardiola invited all the family to watch to the match between Wolverhampton Wanderers and Manchester City.

They are very happy with this invitation and they have visited an interesting old city that has offered them lots of attractions and things to see.

During the travel to Wolverhampton, The Grandma has explained some new English grammar. She has chosen Present Continuous and 'The' Article. They have had enough time to read some pages of Oscar Wilde's The Canterville Ghost and they have been talking about the origin of hazard name.

It has been another amazing day. Tomorrow, they are spending the last day in Manchester before preparing their new destination: Hawaii.

More information: Present Continuous & 'The' Article

Wolverhampton is a city, metropolitan borough, and administrative centre in the West Midlands, England. At the 2011 census, it had a population of 249,470. Natives of the city are called Wulfrunians.

Historically part of Staffordshire, the city grew initially as a market town specialising in the wool trade. In the Industrial Revolution, it became a major centre for coal mining, steel production, lock making, and the manufacture of cars and motorcycles. The economy of the city is still based on engineering, including a large aerospace industry, as well as the service sector.

The city is named after Wulfrun, who founded the town in 985, from the Anglo-Saxon Wulfrūnehēantūn. Prior to the Norman Conquest, the area's name appears only as variants of Heantune or Hamtun, the prefix Wulfrun or similar appearing in 1070 and thereafter. Alternatively, the city may have earned its original name from Wulfereēantūn after the Mercian King, who according to tradition established an abbey in 659, though no evidence of an abbey has been found. The variation Wolveren Hampton is seen in medieval records in 1381.

A local tradition states that King Wulfhere of Mercia founded an abbey of St Mary at Wolverhampton in 659.

Wolverhampton is recorded as being the site of a decisive battle between the unified Mercian Angles and West Saxons against the raiding Danes in 910, although sources are unclear as to whether the battle itself took place in Wednesfield or Tettenhall.

In 985, King Ethelred the Unready granted lands at a place referred to as Heantun to Lady Wulfrun by royal charter, and hence founding the settlement.

Wolverhampton is recorded in the Domesday Book in 1086 as being in the Hundred of Seisdon and the county of Staffordshire. The lords of the manor are listed as the canons of St Mary, the church's dedication was changed to St Peter after this date, with the tenant-in-chief being Samson, William the Conqueror's personal chaplain.

From the 16th century onwards, Wolverhampton became home to a number of metal industries including lock and key making and iron and brass working.

Wolverhampton suffered two Great Fires: the first in April 1590, and the second in September 1696. Both fires started in today's Salop Street. The first fire lasted for five days and left nearly 700 people homeless, whilst the second destroyed 60 homes in the first five hours. This second fire led to the purchase of the first fire engine within the city in September 1703.

More information: Wolverhampton

Wolverhampton had a prolific bicycle industry from 1868 to 1975, during which time a total of more than 200 bicycle manufacturing companies existed there, but today none exist at all.

Closures of other smaller cycle makers followed during the 1980s including such well-known hand-builders as Percy Stallard, the former professional cyclist, and Jack Hateley.

Wolverhampton High Level station, the current main railway station, opened in 1852, but the original station was demolished in 1965 and then rebuilt. Wolverhampton Low Level station opened on the Great Western Railway in 1855.

England's first automatic traffic lights could be seen in Princes Square, Wolverhampton in 1927. The modern traffic lights at this location have the traditional striped poles to commemorate this fact. Princes Square was also the location of the United Kingdom's first pedestrian safety barriers, which were erected in 1934.

On 2 November 1927, the A4123 New Road was opened by the then-Prince of Wales linking the city with Birmingham. The New Road was designed as an unemployment relief project and was the United Kingdom's first purpose-built intercity highway of the twentieth century.

Large numbers of black and Asian immigrants settled in Wolverhampton in the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s. Wolverhampton is home to a large proportion of the Sikh community, who settled there during the period (1935–1975) from the Indian state of Punjab. Today, the Sikh community in Wolverhampton is roughly 9.1% of the city's population.

More information: Wolverhampton Wanderers Football Club

 Hi-Ho Wolverhampton!
Everywhere you go there's aggro.
I see your boots are shining.
And I'll make a fuss about The Wanderers.

 Wolverhampton Anthem

MANCHESTER, OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH (OSH)

Today, The Stones have received the wonderful visit of one of their closest friends, DR.

DR is an expert in Occupational Safety and Health and has accompanied the family while they have been visiting some of the current examples of the industrial golden past of the city of Manchester.

Manchester was very important during the Industrial Revolution thanks to its cotton production. Working two centuries ago was much more dangerous than now but this does not mean that we must notprotect ourselves and take care of us when we are working.

Manchester was a pioneer city in occupational safety and health especially after the Factory Acts of the early nineteenth century (from 1802 onwards) arose out of concerns about the poor health of children working in cotton mills: the Act of 1833 created a dedicated professional Factory Inspectorate.

The Stones have discovered these and other events and they have learnt lots of things about the importance of occupational safety and health.

While they were visiting these factories, The Grandma was doing business. She is preparing a great surprise for the family.

More information: Medium

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH), also commonly referred to as Health and Safety, Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), Occupational Health, or Occupational Safety, is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the safety, health, and welfare of people at work.

The goal of an occupational safety and health program is to foster a safe and healthy work environment.

OSH may also protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, and many others who might be affected by the workplace environment.

In common-law jurisdictions, employers have a common law duty to take reasonable care of the safety of their employees. Statute law may, in addition, impose other general duties, introduce specific duties, and create government bodies with powers to regulate workplace safety issues: details of this vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.

The research and regulation of Occupational Safety and Health are a relatively recent phenomenon. As labor movements arose in response to worker concerns in the wake of the Industrial Revolution, worker's health entered consideration as a labor-related issue.

In the United Kingdom, the Factory Acts of the early nineteenth century (from 1802 onwards) arose out of concerns about the poor health of children working in cotton mills: the Act of 1833 created a dedicated professional Factory Inspectorate.

The initial remit of the Inspectorate was to police restrictions on the working hours in the textile industry of children and young persons, introduced to prevent chronic overwork, identified as leading directly to ill-health and deformation, and indirectly to a high accident rate.

However, on the urging of the Factory Inspectorate, a further Act in 1844 giving similar restrictions on working hours for women in the textile industry introduced a requirement for machinery guarding but only in the textile industry, and only in areas that might be accessed by women or children.

In 1840 a Royal Commission published its findings on the state of conditions for the workers of the mining industry that documented the appallingly dangerous environment that they had to work in and the high frequency of accidents. The commission sparked public outrage which resulted in the Mines Act of 1842. The act set up an inspectorate for mines and collieries which resulted in many prosecutions and safety improvements, and by 1850, inspectors were able to enter and inspect premises at their discretion.

Otto von Bismarck inaugurated the first social insurance legislation in 1883 and the first worker's compensation law in 1884, the first of their kind in the Western world. Similar acts followed in other countries, partly in response to labor unrest.

More information: US Department of Labor

A hazard is an agent which has the potential to cause harm to a vulnerable target.

Hazards can be both natural or human induced. Sometimes natural hazards such as floods and drought can be caused by human activity. Floods can be caused by bad drainage facilities and droughts can be caused by over-irrigation or groundwater pollution.

The terms hazard and risk are often used interchangeably however, in terms of risk assessment, they are two very distinct terms. A hazard is any agent that can cause harm or damage to humans, property, or the environment.

Risk is defined as the probability that exposure to a hazard will lead to a negative consequence, or more simply, a hazard poses no risk if there is no exposure to that hazard.

Hazards can be dormant or potential, with only a theoretical probability of harm. An event that is caused by interaction with a hazard is called an incident. The likely severity of the undesirable consequences of an incident associated with a hazard, combined with the probability of this occurring, constitute the associated risk. If there is no possibility of a hazard contributing towards an incident, there is no risk.

Hazards can be classified in several ways. One of these ways is by specifying the origin of the hazard.

 

One key concept in identifying a hazard is the presence of stored energy that, when released, can cause damage. Stored energy can occur in many forms: chemical, mechanical, thermal, radioactive or electrical. 

Another class of hazard does not involve release of stored energy, rather it involves the presence of hazardous situations. Examples include confined or limited egress spaces, oxygen-depleted atmospheres, awkward positions, repetitive motions, low-hanging or protruding objects.

Hazards may also be classified as natural, anthropogenic, or technological. They may also be classified as health or safety hazards, by the populations that may be affected, and the severity of the associated risk. In most cases a hazard may affect a range of targets, and have little or no effect on others.

 More information: High Speed Training

Identification of hazards assumes that the potential targets are defined, and is the first step in performing a risk assessment.

Hazards may be grouped according to their characteristics. These factors are related to geophysical events which are not process specific:

-Areal extent of damage zone

-Intensity of impact at a point

-Duration of impact at a point

-Rate of onset of the event

-Predictability of the event

The terms hazard and risk are often used interchangeably. However, in terms of risk assessment, these are two very distinct terms. A hazard is an agent that can cause harm or damage to humans, property, or the environment. Risk is the probability that exposure to a hazard will lead to a negative consequence, or more simply, a hazard poses no risk if there is no exposure to that hazard.

Risk can be defined as the likelihood or probability of a given hazard of a given level causing a particular level of loss of damage.

The elements of risk are populations, communities, the built environment, the natural environment, economic activities and services which are under threat of disaster in a given area.

 More information: HSA

The total risk according to UNDRO 1982 is the sum of predictable deaths, injuries, destruction, damage, disruption, and costs of repair and mitigation caused by a disaster of a particular level in a given area or areas.

Another definition of risk is the probable frequency and probable magnitude of future losses. This definition also focuses on the probability of future loss whereby degree of vulnerability to hazard represents the level of risk on a particular population or environment. The threats posed by a hazard are:

-Hazards to people – death, injury, disease and stress

-Hazards to goods – property damage and economic loss

-Hazards to environment – loss of flora and fauna, pollution and loss of amenity

After listening to DR's explanations, The Stones have prepared their next visit. Tonight, they are going to travel to Wolverhampton to watch the match between the local team, Wolverhampton Wanderers Football Club and Manchester City in the Molineux Stadium in Wolverhampton, Staffordshire. They have been invited by Pep Guardiola and they are very happy, especially Yolanda Stone.

Download Ocuppational Health and Safety-Tool Kit for Small Business

 Risk analysis can cater to any sort of hazard, but their profession owes its existence to a relatively narrow band of possible dangers.

Ian Hacking