Today, The Grandma has been reading about CharlieRivel, considered the best clown of all time by his own colleagues, and a person (Josep Andreu), who suffered a terrible experience during his staying in Denmark in 1944.
Josep Andreu i Lasserre (April 23, 1896-July 26, 1983), best known as Charlie Rivel, was an internationally known Catalan circus clown.
He was born in Cubelles (Barcelona).
His parents Pere Andreu Pausas (Catalan) and Marie-Louise Lasarre (Occitan) were circus artists as well. He debuted at the age of three and formed the group LosRivels with his brothers Polo Rivel and René Rivel.
He took his artistic first name from CharlieChaplin whom he encountered first in 1910. Each respected the other. Legend has it that Chaplin later asked him: Is it you who imitate me or I who imitate you?
He later discovered his definitive routine, featuring a chair, a guitar and a long jersey.
In 1970, he appeared in Federico Fellini's film I clowns.
He performed in the interval act for the Eurovision Song Contest 1973 in Luxembourg.
The Charlie Rivel Hall in Cubelles is a museum dedicated to him, and there is also a park dedicated to him in Vigo in the province of Pontevedra.
A clown is a person who performs comedy and arts in a state of open-mindedness using physical comedy, typically while wearing distinct makeup or costuming and reversing folkway-norms.
The clown character developed out of the zanni rustic fool characters of the early modern commedia dell'arte, which were themselves directly based on the rustic fool characters of ancient Greek and Roman theatre. Rustic buffoon characters in Classical Greek theater were known as sklêro-paiktês or deikeliktas, besides other generic terms for rustic or peasant. In Roman theater, a term for clown was fossor, literally digger; labourer.
The English word clown was first recorded c. 1560 (as clowne, cloyne) in the generic meaning rustic, boor, peasant. The origin of the word is uncertain, perhaps from a Scandinavian word cognate with clumsy.
It is in this sense that Clown is used as the name of fool characters in Shakespeare's Othello and The Winter's Tale. The sense of clown as referring to a professional or habitual fool or jester developed soon after 1600, based on Elizabethan rustic fool characters such as Shakespeare's.
Today, The Watsons and TheGrandma have been studying how to prepare an Cambridge Key EnglishTest.
They have been practising with some examples and The Grandma has explained them how to prepare a good speaking.
She has been talking about personal experiences and how important is to be explain them. She has remembered a beautiful personal story about Charlie Rivel, the clown, and his town, Cubelles.
Cubelles is a municipality situated in the comarca of Garraf in Catalonia.
Josep Andreu i Lasserre (April 23, 1896-July 26, 1983), best known asCharlie Rivel, was an internationally known Catalan circus clown.
He was born in Cubelles, El Garraf. His parents Pere Andreu Pausas and Marie-Louise Lasarre were circus artists as well.
He debuted at the age of three and formed the group Los Rivels with his brothers Polo Rivel and René Rivel. He took his artistic first name from CharlieChaplin whom he encountered first in 1910. Each respected the other. Legend has it that Chaplin later asked him: Is it you who imitate me or I who imitate you?
He later discovered his definitive routine, featuring a chair, a guitar and a long jersey.
In 1971, he appeared in Federico Fellini's film Clowns.
He performed in the interval act for the Eurovision Song Contest 1973 in Luxembourg.
The Charlie Rivel Hall in Cubelles is a museum dedicated to him.
Today, The Grandma is in Cornellà de Llobregat. After leaving the Ebre Lands, TheGrandma has done an interesting stop before returning to her home in Barcelona.
The Grandma has visited the International Clown Festivalwhich is celebrated every year in this city of the Baix Llobregat and which is dedicated to one of the best clowns along the history, Charlie Rivel, an old Grandma's friend.
Marta Jones told The Grandma about this festival and she hasn't wanted to lose the opportunity to enjoy this wonderful event.
During the travel by boat from Deltebre to Cornellà de Llobregat, The Grandma has studied a new lesson of her First Certificate Language Practice manual (Vocabulary 15).
A clown is a comic performer who employs slapstick or similar types of physical comedy, often in a mime style.
Clowns have a varied tradition with significant variations in costume and performance. The most recognisable modern clown character is the Auguste or red clown type, with outlandish costumes featuring distinctive makeup, colourful wigs, exaggerated footwear, and colourful clothing. Their entertainment style is generally designed to entertain large audiences.
Charlie Rivel
Modern clowns are strongly associated with the tradition of the circus clown, which developed out of earlier comedic roles in theatre or Varieté shows during the 19th to mid 20th centuries. Many circus clowns have become well known and are a key circus act in their own right. The first mainstream clown role was portrayed by Joseph Grimaldi, who also created the traditional whiteface make-up design.
In the early 1800s, he expanded the role of Clown in the harlequinade that formed part of British pantomimes, notably at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane and the Sadler's Wells and Covent Garden theatres. He became so dominant on the London comic stage that harlequinadeClowns became known as Joey, and both the nickname and Grimaldi's whiteface make-up design were, and still are, used by other types of clowns.
The comedy that clowns perform is usually in the role of a fool whose everyday actions and tasks become extraordinary, and for whom the ridiculous, for a short while, becomes ordinary. This style of comedy has a long history in many countries and cultures across the world. Some writers have argued that due to the widespread use of such comedy and its long history it is a need that is part of the human condition.
The fear of clowns, circus clowns in particular as a psychiatric condition has become known by the term coulrophobia.
The clown character developed out of the zanni rustic fool characters of the early modern commedia dell'arte, which were themselves directly based on the rustic fool characters of ancient Greek and Roman theatre. Rustic buffoon characters in Classical Greek theater were known as sklêro-paiktês or deikeliktas, besides other generic terms for rustic or peasant. In Roman theater, a term for clown was fossor, literally digger; labourer.
Stephen King's Pennywise provokes coulrophobia
The English word clown was first recorded c. 1560, as clowne, cloyne, in the generic meaning rustic, boor, peasant. The origin of the word is uncertain, perhaps from a Scandinavian word cognate with clumsy. It is in this sense that Clown is used as the name of fool characters in Shakespeare's Othello and The Winter's Tale. The sense of clown as referring to a professional or habitual fool or jester developed soon after 1600, based on Elizabethan rustic fool characters such as Shakespeare's.
The harlequinade developed in England in the 17th century, inspired by the commedia dell'arte. It was here that Clown came into use as the given name of a stock character. Originally a foil for Harlequin's slyness and adroit nature, Clown was a buffoon or bumpkin fool who resembled less a jester than a comical idiot. He was a lower class character dressed in tattered servants' garb.
The now-classical features of the clown character were developed in the early 1800s by Joseph Grimaldi, who played Clown in Charles Dibdin's 1800 pantomime Peter Wilkins: or Harlequin in the Flying World at Sadler's Wells Theatre, where Grimaldi built the character up into the central figure of the harlequinade.
The circus clown developed in the 19th century. The modern circus derives from Philip Astley's London riding school, which opened in 1768. Astley added a clown to his shows to amuse the spectators between equestrian sequences. American comedian George L. Fox became known for his clown role, directly inspired by Grimaldi, in the 1860s.
A clown
Tom Belling senior (1843–1900) developed the red clown or Auguste,Dummer August, character c. 1870, acting as a foil for the more sophisticated whiteclown. Belling worked for Circus Renz in Vienna.
Belling's costume became the template for the modern stock character of circus or children's clown, based on a lower class or hobocharacter, with red nose, white makeup around the eyes and mouth, and oversized clothes and shoes. The clown character as developed by the late 19th century is reflected in Ruggero Leoncavallo's 1892 opera Pagliacci, Clowns.
Belling's Auguste character was further popularized by Nicolai Poliakoff's Coco in the 1920s to 1930s.
The English word clown was borrowed, along with the circus clown act, into many other languages, such as French clown, Russian, and other Slavic languages, кло́ун, Greek κλόουν, Danish/Norwegian klovn and Romanian clovn.
Italian retains Pagliaccio, a Commedia dell'arte zanni character, and derivations of the Italian term are found in other Romance languages, such as French Paillasse, Spanish payaso, Catalan/Galician pallasso, Portuguese palhaço, Greek παλιάτσος, Turkish palyaço, German Pajass, Yiddish פּאַיאַץ, Russian пая́ц.
In the early 20th century, with the disappearance of the rustic simpleton or village idiot character of everyday experience, North American circuses developed characters such as the tramp or hobo. Examples include Marceline Orbes, who performed at the Hippodrome Theater (1905), Charlie Chaplin's The Tramp (1914), and Emmett Kelly's Weary Willie based on hobos of the Depression era.
Another influential tramp character was played by Otto Griebling during the 1930s to 1950s. Red Skelton's Dodo the Clown in The Clown (1953), depicts the circus clown as a tragicomic stock character, a funny man with a drinking problem.
Ronald McDonald
In the United States, Bozo the Clown was an influential Auguste character since the late 1950s. The Bozo Show premiered in 1960 and appeared nationally on cable television in 1978. McDonald'sderived its mascot clown, RonaldMcDonald, from the Bozo character in the 1960s. Willard Scott, who had played Bozo during 1959–1962, performed as the mascot in 1963 television spots.
The McDonald'strademark application for the character dates to 1967. Based on the Bozo template, the US custom of birthday clown, private contractors who offer to perform as clowns at children's parties, developed in the 1960s to 1970s. The strong association of the, Bozo-derived, clown character with children's entertainment as it has developed since the 1960s also gave rise to Clown Care or hospital clowning in children's hospitals by the mid 1980s.
Clowns of America International, established 1984, and World Clown Association, established 1987, are associations of semi-professionals and professional performers.
The shift of the Auguste or red clown character from his role as a foil for the white in circus or pantomime shows to a Bozo-derived standalone character in children's entertainment by the 1980s also gave rise to the evil clown character, the attraction of clowns for small children being based in their fundamentally threatening or frightening nature.
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