REMUS LUPIN & HOW TO CONJURE A PATRONUS CHARM

Today, The Grandma has had breakfast with Remus Lupin, an old friend and a half-blood wizard. They have been talking about effort, sacrifice, struggle and friendship, some of the most important things that a person must have got if he/she wants to be a good wizard.

 

Remus is considered the best Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher and he taught Harry Potter how to conjure a corporeal Patronus.

 

The Patronus Charm (Expecto Patronum) was the most famous and one of the most powerful defensive charms known to wizardkind. 

 

It was an immensely complicated and extremely difficult spell that channelled the caster's positive emotions into a powerful protection. When cast properly, it evoked a partially-tangible positive energy force known as a Patronus or spirit guardian.  

 

It was the primary protection against Dementors and Lethifolds, against which there were no other defences.

There were two types of Patronuses: the incorporeal variant, which took the form of a shapeless wave of mist, and the corporeal variant, which had a definite shape, taking on the form of the animal that the caster had the greatest affinity for. 

 

The incorporeal Patronus was weaker than its corporeal counterpart, but the corporeal Patronus was more advanced and difficult.

 

The goat is one of the oldest domesticated species of animal and closely related to sheep. A dom was the gallbladder of a goat, used in the wizarding game of Aingingein. It was a possible corporeal form of the Patronus Charm. Aberforth's Patronus took the form of a goat. 

More information: Harry Potter

 

Professor Remus John Lupin, also known as Moony, is a half-blood wizard and the only son of Lyall and Hope Lupin.

He was afflicted with lycanthropy during his childhood, as a result of Fenrir Greyback's revenge against Lyall.

He attended Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and was Sorted into Gryffindor House. During his school years he was one of the Marauders, best friends with Sirius Black, James Potter, and Peter Pettigrew. Together they created the Marauder's Map.

After Hogwarts, Remus and his friends joined the original Order of the Phoenix and fought in the First Wizarding War. However, Pettigrew betrayed James and Lily Potter to Lord Voldemort a week after he was made the couples' Secret Keeper. Thus Remus had lost all of his closest friends in various ways by the end of the First Wizarding War. The loss of his friends devastated him, though he and Sirius Black later rekindled their friendship.

Remus taught at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as Professor of Defence Against the Dark Arts.

Remus was regarded by students to be the best Defence teacher they have had thus far. He was also a professor of Harry Potter whom he taught how to conjure a corporeal Patronus, but resigned after Severus Snape revealed to the public that Remus was a werewolf.

He fought against Death Eaters once more in the Second Wizarding War, during which he lost his friend Sirius.

Remus married fellow Order member Nymphadora Tonks and had a son, Edward Remus Lupin, of whom he named Harry the godfather.

Remus fought at the Battle of Hogwarts.

Remus briefly appeared again through the Resurrection Stone for Harry, along with James Potter, Lily Potter, and Sirius Black. After his death his son was raised by Andromeda Tonks and Harry Potter.

Remus was born to Lyall and Hope Lupin. His father worked at the Ministry of Magic and encountered the werewolf Fenrir Greyback, who was on trial for killing two children. Lyall was the only one at court to realise that Greyback was a werewolf, as Greyback pretended to be a Muggle tramp.

Outraged when Greyback was released, he voiced the opinion that Greyback deserved nothing but death. This opinion cost the Lupin family dearly, as Greyback decided to revenge himself upon Lyall by targeting his son. As the nearly five-year-old Remus slept peacefully in his bed, Greyback forced his way in through the window.

More information: Wizarding World I & II

Though Lyall was able to get there in time to drive Greyback off with powerful spells, he was unable to prevent him from completing his evil goal. Remus became infected with lycanthropy and he became a werewolf himself.

His parents took him to various healers and tried their best to make him a normal boy, but there was no cure for his condition. But Headmaster Albus Dumbledore made special accommodations allowing Remus to attend Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.

Remus attended Hogwarts and was Sorted into Gryffindor House. To secure his safety, as well as that of his peers, Remus would be brought to the Shrieking Shack once a month for his transformations in order to prevent him from attacking other students.

However, this isolation caused him to attack himself out of frustration. This, and the painful monthly transformations, made the villagers of Hogsmeade mistake his screams for that of violent ghosts.

Albus Dumbledore, wanting to keep the truth of these noises a secret, encouraged these rumours. Thus, the building was dubbed the Shrieking Shack, which held the reputation for being the most haunted building in Britain.

Remus became the very best of friends with fellow Gryffindors Sirius Black, James Potter, and Peter Pettigrew. He kept his status as a werewolf a secret from all of the students at Hogwarts, including Sirius, James, and Peter, his fellow Marauders and future Order members. He made up stories to explain his monthly disappearances, such as that his mother was ill and he needed to go home to visit her. He was terrified that they would desert him once they found out what he truly was.

However, Sirius, James, and Peter worked out the truth during their second year, and due to their acceptance of who Remus was, and their unusually strong friendship with him, they decided to learn how to become Animagi in order to keep Remus company during his transformations, as a werewolf is only a danger to humans.

By their fifth year, Sirius was able to become a dog, and James was able to become a stag, animals large enough to keep the wolfish Remus in check. Peter, meanwhile, was able to become a rat.

Once a month during the full moon, Sirius, James and Peter would sneak out of the castle under James' Invisibility Cloak, transform, get into the Whomping Willow, walk down the tunnel and meet up with Remus in the Shrieking Shack. Under their influence, Lupin became tame; his body was still a wolf's, but his mind became less so when he was among them.

More information: Wizarding World I & II

The four of them soon left the Whomping Willow and would roam among the school grounds and Hogsmeade by night. Eventually, this group of friends came to call themselves the Marauders, and Remus' friends nicknamed him Moony because of his transformations during every full moon.

Remus was a good student, but also a prankster. He and Peter Pettigrew would sometimes join Sirius and James in detention for mischief-making, though they did not get into as much trouble as their other friends.

It's unlikely that any other Hogwarts students ever found out as much about the Hogwarts grounds and Hogsmeade as they did and Sirius, James, Remus and Peter used their knowledge of it to write the Marauder's Map and signed it with their nicknames. Unfortunately, it somehow ended up being confiscated by Argus Filch, but was eventually recovered by Fred Weasley and George Weasley.

Albus Dumbledore tracked Lupin down, and offered him the post of Defence Against the Dark Arts Professor at Hogwarts, replacing the permanently amnesiac Gilderoy Lockhart.

Lupin only accepted Dumbledore's proposal when he explained there would be a limitless supply of Wolfsbane Potion, courtesy of Severus Snape, now the Potions Master at the school.

Remus gave Harry private lessons in producing a Patronus as a means to repel Dementors, when it became apparent that he was especially vulnerable to them because, according to Lupin, Harry had true horrors in his past that were especially appealing to the Dementors.

When Lord Voldemort returned, Remus rejoined the Order of the Phoenix.

He was a member of the Advance Guard that escorted Harry Potter from 4 Privet Drive to 12 Grimmauld Place. Lupin lived for some time at Sirius' house, but he was not around very often as he was usually sent on many missions for the Order.

Remus Lupin and Nymphadora Tonks married in the north of Scotland with only witnesses from the local tavern.

More information: Wizarding World

Remus was described as having a pale face with premature lines, and light brown hair that, as he progressed through his thirties, became more and more grey. The lines on his face and his greying hair were the results of the great deal of stress his body underwent with each full moon. His clothing is consistently shabby and patched, presumably because of his inability to find a decently-paid job due to his status as a werewolf.

Remus was compassionate, intelligent, tolerant, levelheaded, peaceful, selfless, brave, kind, and good-natured. Despite having suffered a great deal of prejudice in his life due to his lycanthropy, he managed to retain an ability to see the good in almost everybody and was extremely forgiving. Remus also had an excellent sense of humour.

True to being a Gryffindor, Lupin was quite courageous. Nonetheless, he suffered deep-seated feelings of shame and fear of rejection which, in certain situations, led him to consider backing down. His greatest weakness was that, in his desperate longing to belong and be liked, he was neither as brave or honest as he should have been at times. His Boggart was a full moon, reflecting on his terror of transforming into his werewolf form near humans. It also showed his immense hatred and shame over his condition.

The name Remus comes from the brothers Romulus and Remus, the legendary brothers who fought to the death over the control of Rome, having been raised by a mother wolf whose cubs had died. Because of this, some fans speculated that Remus had a brother, but Romulus is merely the code name used by Lupin for Potterwatch. Remus' intense rivalry with Romulus indicates Lupin's ongoing struggle with his other side, the werewolf.

Lupin is derived from lupinus, Latin for wolf-like; lupus, or wolf, being the basic word. Canis l​upus is the scientific name for the wolf, to be described as lupine means to resemble a wolf.

Lupin is also the name of an plant with edible seeds. The surname may also be derived from the character of Arsène Lupin, a fictional gentleman thief and master of disguise, who was created by French writer Maurice Leblanc in 1905. In Leblanc's novels, Arsène Lupin is often a force for good, while operating on the wrong side of the law. Leblanc's Lupin was said to have later inspired the character of the Lone Wolf, a jewel thief-turned-private detective in a series of novels written by Louis Joseph Vance, beginning in 1914.

More information: Screen Rant

 

 

Fear makes people do terrible things.

Remus Lupin

SEVERUS SNAPE, MYSTERY AND ARTS IN MAGIC

Today, The Weasleys and The Grandma have met Professor Severus Snape, who has explained to them how to defense themselves against the Dark Arts. After this meeting, the family has practised Present Perfect.

More info: Present Perfect

 

P. Perfect vs. Past Simple

Professor Severus Snape is a half-blood wizard serving as Potions Master, Defence Against the Dark Arts professor, and Headmaster of the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as well as a member of the Order of the Phoenix and a Death Eater. His double life played a extremely important role in both of the Wizarding Wars against Voldemort. 

The only child of Muggle lowlife Tobias Snape and Gobstones witch Eileen Snape, née Prince, Severus was raised in the Muggle dwelling of Spinner's End, which was in close proximity to the home of the Evans family, though in a poorer area. He met Lily and Petunia Evans when he was nine and fell deeply in love with Lily, becoming a close friend of hers.

More information: Pottermore

Severus Snape was a thin man with sallow skin, a large, hooked nose and yellow, uneven teeth. He usually dressed in flowing black robes which made him resemble an overgrown bat. He had shoulder-length, greasy black hair which framed his face in curtains, curling lips and dark, penetrating eyes that resembled tunnels. As a Death Eater, he bears the Dark Mark on his left inner forearm.

Snape was a repressed, solitary man with no friends. In his early life, he was insecure, vulnerable, and yearned to be part of something better. 

As a child, the bleak normality of working-class suburbia compounded with his neglectful Muggle father inspired in him a contempt for ordinariness. This urgent desire to be a part of something powerful and important was what drew him to Lord Voldemort's inner circle. The younger Snape had a stringy, pallid look, being round-shouldered yet angular and with a twitchy walk that recalled a spider, as well as long oily hair that jumped about his face.

More information: HP Lexicon

Snape had a strong, authoritative presence. He spoke in a soft, contained voice most of the time, except during the occasional instances when he lost his temper. Severus started at Hogwarts with Lily in 1971, where he was Sorted into Slytherin House. This put him in the same year as Lily but unfortunately for him in rival houses. Severus became the immediate enemy of James Potter and Sirius Black and was a frequent victim of their bullying. This led him to be irritable towards James's son Harry when he was a professor.

  

Snape, when young, developed a passion for the Dark Arts, which increased as his desire for revenge grew stronger. 

Snape became involved with the bullies in Slytherin House, many of whom were pure-blood supremacists. This put his friendship with Lily, a Muggle-born, under great strain until it was eventually broken in their fifth year. In an attempt to win back Lily's affections, Snape joined the Death Eaters along with a group of his fellow Slytherins.

Severus was made a member of the Slug Club presumably because of his talent at potion-making and Horace Slughorn kept a picture of him as a student, clutching his copy of Advanced Potion-Making. Despite this, Horace did not have many hopes for Severus's future, as his photograph was kept behind many others.

More information: Screen Rant

Shortly before Lily Evans was murdered by Lord Voldemort, Snape changed sides and became a member of the Order of the Phoenix and double agent during the Second Wizarding War. With tremendous difficulty, Snape prevented Lord Voldemort from learning the truth about his loyalties. 

Despite the opinions of most others including Harry during his early life, Albus Dumbledore trusted Snape for reasons that were kept between them both until their deaths. Despite Snape killing Dumbledore, it is learned that they had a special agreement for him to do so. 

When he died, it was revealed that his deep strong love for Lily Evans caused him to redeem himself, joining Dumbledore's cause for her protection from Lord Voldemort. The relationship between Dumbledore and Snape would be one of an unusually strong loyalty, so much so that Snape agreed to kill Dumbledore upon the latter's own request. Before Dumbledore's death, Snape promised to protect the students of Hogwarts from the Death Eaters, who would inevitably take control of the Ministry of Magic as well as the school. 

More information: Cinema Blend

Snape later participated in the Battle of Hogwarts but was murdered by Lord Voldemort who mistakenly believed that Snape was the master of the Elder Wand, an immensely strong and powerful wand that Voldemort deeply desired, one of the Deathly Hallows, when in reality, Harry Potter was the master of the Elder Wand, because Draco Malfoy had disarmed Dumbledore, on the night of Dumbledore's death on top of the Astronomy Tower and Harry had disarmed Draco at Malfoy Manor.

After Snape's death, Harry Potter ensured that his portrait remained at Hogwarts, honoring him as a hero, despite their significant personal differences. In addition, Harry later named his second son Albus Severus Potter in honor of Dumbledore and Severus, both an inspiration in Harry's life after the Battle of Hogwarts. 

Harry also was influenced by Severus' Hogwarts house, and freely admitted that Albus could choose Slytherin if he wished.

More information: Vanity Fair

Severus Snape was born 9 January, 1960 to Eileen Prince, a pure-blood witch, and Tobias Snape, a Muggle, making him a half-blood wizard. Severus, whose father was neglectful and possibly even violent, began to identify with his mother's family and created a secret nickname from his mother's maiden name, calling himself the Half-Blood Prince. His unhappy relationship with his father may have been the origin of his disdain for Muggles. It is implied that Severus was friendless and uncared for by his parents. This lack of care largely shaped Severus's bitter disposition and cruel behaviour later in his life.

Severus grew up at Spinner's End, a shabby suburb of Cokeworth. This area of town was near a dirty river and full of dilapidated houses, disused factories and broken down street lamps. Through the rest of his life, Severus continued to return there when he was not at school. The young Severus is depicted as being unwashed and wearing ill-fitting clothes that were so mismatched that it looked deliberate. As a child, Severus was neglected and his parents often fought with one another. He could not wait to leave for Hogwarts at the end of the summer.

 

More information: Slash Film

Severus attended Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as a student and was Sorted into Slytherin House, at that time led by Potions master Horace Slughorn. On the way to Hogwarts for his first year, Severus sat with Lily Evans on the train. While on the train they met James Potter and Sirius Black. This encounter between the three of them revolved around a disagreement regarding what Hogwarts house was the best. This hostile first encounter would set the tone for the antagonism between the three of them for the rest of his life.

According to Sirius, Severus excelled in the Dark Arts from an early age. At the age of eleven, he knew more curses and hexes than most of the seventh year students. He reportedly was friends with a gang of Slytherins who later became Death Eaters, including Avery and Mulciber. 

More information: The Telegraph

Severus was credited with creating a good number of popular spells like Levicorpus, Liberacorpus, Muffliato, and curses like Langlock, the Toenail Growth Hex, and his signature curse, Sectumsempra. Other Slytherins that Sirius mentioned as being friends with Severus included Evan Rosier and Wilkes.  

Severus also had contact with Lucius Malfoy, who was a prefect during his first year and greeted him kindly when he was Sorted into the Slytherin House. Most likely the two had good rapport at Hogwarts, which could also be a reason why Narcissa Malfoy trusted Severus to take care of Draco Malfoy and why he seemed to favour Draco during his later teaching years. Remus Lupin and Peter Pettigrew were also classmates of Severus.

Severus suffered terrible remorse when Voldemort decided that Harry Potter was the subject of the prophecy, and that Lily Evans, the woman whom he always loved, was now in danger as a result of his actions. 

He begged Voldemort to spare her in exchange for the lives of her husband and son. But, knowing that he could not leave Lily's safety in question at the hands of someone who could turn back at his word on a mere whim, and that Lily would probably defend her child to the last breath, Snape also approached Albus Dumbledore to ask him to save Lily.

More information: Independent

He pleaded with Dumbledore to hide her, along with her husband and son if he had to. Dumbledore agreed, but insisted that Severus serve him as a spy among the Death Eaters. In fact, it was Snape's request to Voldemort which allowed Lily to let herself die in order for Harry to live, when Voldemort attempted to murder him, his curse backfired and Voldemort's body was destroyed.

When Severus Snape began his teaching career at Hogwarts, he initially applied for the position of Defence Against the Dark Arts, but was rejected multiple times. 

Many students were under the impression that this was because Dumbledore feared Snape might return to his old ways if allowed to teach his favourite subject, but in reality it was because Dumbledore was aware by that point that the job had been jinxed by Voldemort. Knowing that no Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher would last longer than a year, Dumbledore instead employed Snape in the position of Potions Master and Head of Slytherin House, following the retirement of veteran Potions Master Professor Horace Slughorn. 

Though it seemed rather uncommon for someone as young as Snape to be named Head of any House at Hogwarts, it is possible that Snape was the only Slytherin teacher left at the school, or that he was placed there to keep a watchful eye on the young Slytherins, who were frequently accused of, but not without reason, joining the Death Eaters.

More information: Cosmopolitan

 

 

The Dark Arts are many, varied, 

ever-changing, and eternal. 

Fighting them is like fighting 

a many-headed monster, 

which, each time a neck is severed, 

sprouts a head even 

fiercer and cleverer than before. 

You are fighting that 

which is unfixed, mutating, indestructible.

 Severus Snape

ALASTOR 'MAD-EYE' MOODY, THE MOST FAMOUS AUROR

Today, The Weasleys and The Grandma have attended to a Defence Against the Dark Arts masterclass offered by Alastor Mad-Eye Moody, a Scottish pure-blood wizard, considered to be the most famous Auror of all time.

Defence Against the Dark Arts, abbreviated as DADA, is a subject taught at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and Ilvermorny School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. 

In this class, students study and learn how to defend themselves against all aspects of the Dark Arts, including dark creatures, curses, hexes and jinxes (dark charms), and duelling.

The class is a core subject at Hogwarts. The position of Defence Against the Dark Arts professor at the school was once rumoured to be jinxed, as no teacher could hold the post for more than a year without suffering an unpleasant fate. Tom Riddle jinxed the position because Albus Dumbledore did not give him the job when he applied for it. The fact that no teacher has lasted longer than a year meant that the subject has had numerous Professors. Ilvermorny began teaching the subject in the 17th century.

Before assisting to the class, The Grandma has offered The Weasleys another Cambridge Key English Test A2 Example.

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Alastor Mad-Eye Moody is a Scottish pure-blood wizard, considered to be the most famous Auror of all time. He was a pivotal member of the Order of the Phoenix during the First and Second Wizarding Wars.

Moody served with distinction during the first conflict, gaining a reputation as a skilful battler against the Dark Arts and sacrificing an eye, a leg, and part of his nose during the conflict. As an Aur or, he played a role in the imprisonment of many of the inhabitants of Azkaban. This activity led to his gaining many enemies and resulted in his becoming overly-cautious and paranoid about his security later in life.

He agreed to Albus Dumbledore's request to become the new Defence Against the Dark Arts Professor at Hogwarts, however he was kidnapped just prior to taking up the position by Barty Crouch Jr, who subsequently disguised himself as Moody as part of a plan to kidnap Harry Potter on the instructions of Lord Voldemort.

Following his rescue from Barty Crouch, Jr, Moody joined the second Order of the Phoenix and fought in a number of the Second Wizarding War's battles, including the Battle of the Department of Mysteries and the Battle of the Seven Potters, dying during the latter.

 

His magical eye was later used by Dolores Umbridge to spy on her subordinates in the Muggle-Born Registration Commission. It was later retrieved by Harry Potter when he infiltrated the Ministry of Magic, and was given a proper burial by Harry in the forest close to where the 422nd Quidditch World Cup had been held three years prior.

Alastor Moody was born into the pure-blood Moody family. The precise date is unknown. His father and mother were both Aurors, as were many of his ancestors, the Moody family gained a reputation for producing many renowned Aurors.

Moody bought or inherited his wand at some point before his formal magical education began. He attended Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, but his house is unrecorded in Ministry records. He was known to be an excellent student however, gaining at least an Exceeds Expectations mark in five N.E.W.T. subjects.

More information: Wizarding World

Moody, during his time as an Auror, served the Ministry of Magic, fighting Death Eaters under Lord Voldemort's command. He was a key member of the Order of the Phoenix, led by Albus Dumbledore, in the struggle to defeat Voldemort, and his efforts were said to have led to half the cells in Azkaban being populated by Death Eaters he captured.

As the war continued, and the situation grew more fraught, the Ministry of Magic authorised their Aurors to use Unforgivable Curses against Death Eaters, a practice which continued for a time after Voldemort's fall from power.

Moody was known to have killed a number of Voldemort's followers, including Evan Rosier, however he avoided doing so where possible.

At some point during his life, Moody violently tore apart a birthday present, paranoid that it may be a cleverly disguised Basilisk egg. It turned out that it was only a carriage clock, though it is unknown if he rectified his mistake.

It is believed that his activities during the First Wizarding War and his time as an Auror that led to Moody losing a leg, replaced by a wooden prosthesis, and an eye, replaced with a magical prosthesis. His work also led to significant facial scarring, including losing a piece of his nose in his fight with Evan Rosier.

At some point Moody retired from active service, though by this time he was considered the greatest Auror of all time. In addition, he took Nymphadora Tonks as his protege.

Mad-Eye captured Igor Karkaroff and the Death Eater was sent to Azkaban, until Karkaroff gave up the names of a number of his fellow Death Eaters in exchange for a lighter sentence.

Moody was present at Karkaroff's trial, where he made his dislike of the defector very clear, when the former Death Eater mentioned the names of Antonin Dolohov, Evan Rosier, killed by Moody personally, though at the cost of part of his nose, Travers, Mulciber, and Severus Snape, all of whom seemed to have already either been killed, captured, or defected, until he called the name of Augustus Rookwood.

Rookwood was an Unspeakable, and a double-agent, spying on the Ministry for Voldemort. This was news to the Ministry, but Karkaroff was sent back to Azkaban, pending a review into Rookwood's case; when Karkaroff's allegations proved true, he was released, and went on to take the position of Headmaster of Durmstrang Institute.

More information: Screen Rant

Moody was convinced to come out of retirement by Albus Dumbledore and serve as Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry's latest Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher.

Before the school year began, however, Moody was attacked in his home by Barty Crouch Jr and Peter Pettigrew, at Voldemort's order. Moody proved more difficult to overcome than initially thought, and put up a significant fight which alerted his Muggle neighbours, but was overpowered and imprisoned in his own magical trunk. This was done as part of Voldemort's plan to regain power.

To this end, Barty Crouch Jr used Polyjuice Potion to take on Moody's form to replace him at Hogwarts, successfully fooling staff and pupils alike. Barty Crouch Jr drank Polyjuice Potion out of Moody's hipflask regularly, in imitation of the real Moody, and expressed many of Moody's normal habits. Doing this allowed him to impersonate Moody for almost the whole year without raising suspicion. 

All the while, Crouch did his part in Voldemort's plan. Moody's life was spared due to Crouch needing his hair to create the Polyjuice Potion, and wanting to question Moody for his behaviour, patterns and such, so Crouch could successfully imitate him, all the while keeping Moody captive under the Imperius Curse. Working hard and using all of his cunning, Crouch-as-Moody ensured that Harry Potter would get into the Triwizard Tournament and ascend to the Third Task. Upon doing so, Voldemort used Harry Potter to return to life in a body of his own with all its powers once again.

When Crouch learned of this upon Harry's return, he tried to murder him, but Albus Dumbledore, Minerva McGonagall, and Severus Snape stopped him. The professors waited patiently for the Polyjuice Potion to wear off, revealing Crouch's true form.

Under the influence of Veritaserum, he admitted everything and Moody was freed from his trunk. After recuperating in the Hospital Wing, Moody returned to health, but was, if possible, even more paranoid for his safety than before; and his eye occasionally got stuck as a result of Crouch having worn it.

More information: Screen Rant

Moody was described as having a growling voice and looking as though his face was roughly carved from wood. Due to injuries from his long career as an Auror, it was covered with scars, and a chunk of his nose was missing. He had dark grey, grizzled hair. He also had a wooden leg that was described as having a clawed foot.

His eyes, however, were described as his most shocking feature: one was small and dark while the other was a vivid, electric blue magical eye that moved around independently from his normal eye, giving him the nickname of Mad-Eye Moody, or simply Mad-Eye. This eye could see through objects, Invisibility cloaks and the back of his own head.

Alastor is Ancient Greek for he who does not forget, thus avenger, persecutor, tormenter, one who suffers from divine vengeance. It gives him, therefore, certain similarities to Alecto Carrow, whose name is that of the first of the Furies, or Erinyes, and means implacable anger. It is similar to Alastair, which is the Scottish form of Alexander, which means protector of mankind, and also evolved into Alistair.

Moody means temperamental or tending to quickly change moods.

More information: Screen Rant

I don't know so much about 'Professor'.

Never got round to much teaching, did I?

Alastor Moody

GILDEROY LOCKHART, THE GLAMOROUS STYLISH FAKE

Today, The Weasleys have attended class. They have chosen Professor Gilderoy  Lockhart to be their teacher during an intensive lesson. They have discovered that, perhaps, Professor Gilderoy Lockhart is not this fantastic wizard that he believes to be but, at least, they have enjoyed a lot with his extreme arrogance and exceeding vanity, conceit, egomania, narcissism and self-obsession.

It is very good and sane to be surrounded by good people but it is also very interesting to know selfish people like Professor Gilderoy Lockhart because these experiences serve to know what kind of attitudes we do not want to follow and accept.

The Grandma has also started to attach in her posts Cambridge Exams Models (Key English Test A2) to test and practice.

Professor Gilderoy Lockhart (b. 26 January, 1964) is a half-blood wizard, a Ravenclaw student at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, and later a famous wizarding celebrity who authored many books on dark creatures and his supposed encounters with them.

Prior to his tenure as Professor of Defence Against the Dark Arts at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, he received many prestigious awards, such as Order of Merlin, Third Class; Honorary Member of the Dark Force Defence League; and five-time winner of Witch Weekly's Most Charming Smile Award. He invented an Occamy egg yolk shampoo, which was too dangerous and expensive for open market; it subsequently became his dream to market these products. His favourite colour was lilac.

More information: Wizarding World

Lockhart never actually did any of the heroic acts he claimed he had done, but instead used his considerable talent in Memory Charms to force the actual people who had done them into forgetting what they did. Ironically, Lockhart lost all of his memory on 29 May, 1993 due to a backfired Memory Charm cast by Ron Weasley's damaged wand.

Lockhart then became a permanent resident of St Mungo's Hospital for Magical Maladies and Injuries. He was institutionalised in the same ward as Neville Longbottom's parents, the Janus Thickey Ward for permanent spell damage. Following his hospitalisation, he dictated his final book entitled Who Am I?.

Gilderoy Lockhart was born on 26 January, 1964, to a Muggle man and a witch, and had two elder sisters, both of whom were Squibs. Lockhart's mother loved him more than any of his siblings, and this, combined with the revelation of his wizardry and acceptance into Hogwarts, caused his vanity to grow like a tenacious weed. He and his mother forgot, in their excitement, that Hogwarts was a school for all British and Irish wizards, and thus his introduction into the school along with everyone else was, in his eyes, extremely dull.

He entered Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry on 1 September, 1975 and was four years below James Potter, Sirius Black, Remus Lupin, Peter Pettigrew, Lily Evans, and Severus Snape. He was Sorted into Ravenclaw, but he did, however, narrowly escape from being sorted into Slytherin.

He had hoped to be greeted by whispers and stares, as in his mind he was already a fully-fledged genius with an exceptional magical prowess; the fact that he was merely ordinary, that more talented children were there, and that nobody was particularly impressed by his naturally wavy hair, disappointed him. 

He did have above-average abilities, and he was cleverer than most of his classmates, but he had a bad flaw in that he would not try unless he was confident that he was the best of whichever particular team, group, or class he happened to be with at the time.

 

Gilderoy did achieve good marks and his teachers did think that, with hard work, he might be able to make something of himself. Even if he fell short of his ambitions that he would freely share with anyone who bothered listening, he told them that he would succeed in creating the Philosopher's Stone before leaving school and that he intended to captain England’s Quidditch team to World Cup glory, before knuckling down to becoming Britain’s youngest Minister for Magic. Despite this, at some point during his education he managed to play as Seeker for the Ravenclaw Quidditch team.

His vanity was such that he valued learning not for education, but because it granted him attention; he craved attention and prizes, and begged the Headmaster to start a school newspaper purely so he could see his own name in print. When these exploits failed to grant him attention, he took to grander, more dramatic means of garnering attention.

Though he had never been popular with the other students, he did manage to achieve small notoriety by carving his signature in twenty foot long letters into the Quidditch pitch, earning him a weeks' worth of detentions, creating a spell that shot a hologram of his own face into into the sky in imitation of the Dark Mark, and sending himself eight-hundred Valentines, causing breakfast to be cancelled due to the number of droppings and feathers in the porridge. He increasingly devoted his talents to insincere shortcuts and cowardly dodges, focused on attention and neglecting true learning.

More information: Wizarding World

During the course of his magical education, the school fell under the threat of the sinister defensive measures of the fabled Cursed Vaults after one of his peers tampered with them, although Lockhart was not known to have been impacted in any way during the ordeal.

Sometime in his life, he invented a shampoo that guaranteed lustrous locks of hair, one of his few claims that proved to be true. Due to its main ingredient being too dangerous and expensive to procure, it was never produced for mass marketing due to the fact no one was going to risk themselves for something as superficial as hair care. Since then, it was Lockhart's dream to market these overly-expensive products.

Being the only willing applicant for the jinxed position, Gilderoy Lockhart became Professor of Defence Against the Dark Arts at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.

His classroom and office at Hogwarts were decorated with pictures and portraits of himself, before the class started, Fred thought that the teacher must be a fan of Lockhart, for which he was certainly correct, which moved and smiled, there was even one of himself as a classical artist painting another medieval version portrait of himself. He also decorated the office with copies of his publications.

Gilderoy Lockhart was a foppish, handsome wizard with wavy blonde hair and particularly straight and shiny teeth. He was known for wearing flamboyant, flashy and incredibly extravagant robes in a wide assortment of colours.

However, during his moments of cowardice, Lockhart's handsomeness was lost, as he looked weak-chinned and foolish in the midst of his ineptitude.

Gilderoy Lockhart's defining characteristics were his extreme arrogance and exceeding vanity, conceit, egomania, narcissism and self-obsession. He was a voracious self-promoter and claimed to have done many great deeds, though in actuality he was a fraud and merely took credit for other wizards and witches' accomplishments and whose claims about himself were for the most part nothing but conceit, self-praise, and vanity and whose claims about other things were idle speculations, gross exaggerations, and pure sensationalism.

More information: Wizarding World

Gilderoy was born in the Lockhart family, with a Muggle father, witch mother, and two elder sisters, both of whom were Squibs. His mother loved him more than she did her two daughters, which, when combined with Gilderoy's revealed wizardry and acceptance into Hogwarts, lead his vanity to grow like a weed.

Both mother and son were too excited to remember that Hogwarts accepts all magical students from Britain and Ireland, and she was as deluded as her son in thinking that he was special amongst all children of his age. Due to Mrs Lockhart's overly love and pampering, she completely spoiled and deluded her son, which would lead to a very negative impact on his future.

Gilderoy is an Irish and Scottish name that refers back to Gilroy, which means son of the red-haired servant, or son of the king's servant.

Interestingly, Gilderoy is similar to the term gilded, which means both to cover something in a thin layer of gold to appear valuable and golden, when in reality it isn't, and wealthy and privileged, both of which apply well to Gilderoy's character.

J. K. Rowling found the name Lockhart on a war memorial at a church in Edinburgh, and found it to be a hollow kind of name, befitting of the character.

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 Allow me to introduce you to your new

Defense Against the Dark Arts teacher; me.

Gilderoy Lockhart, Order of Merlin, Third Class,

Honorary Member of the Dark Force Defense League,

and five times winner of Witch Weekly's Most Charming Smile Award. 

But I don't talk about that;

I didn't get rid of the Banden Banshee by smiling at him. 

Gilderoy Lockhart

QUIRINUS QUIRREL, A HALF-BLOOD RAVENCLAW WIZARD

Today, The Grandma wants to talk about one of the villains of Harry Potter's series, Professor Quirinus Quirrell, who appears in the first book of the saga, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone.

Professor Quirinus Quirrell (26 September, 1970 or earlier-4 June, 1992) was a half-blood wizard who attended Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and was Sorted into Ravenclaw House. He was the Muggle Studies professor at Hogwarts, though he later became the Defence Against the Dark Arts professor during the 1991–1992 school year.

Before teaching Defence Against the Dark Arts, Quirrell went out in search of Voldemort, believing he could achieve recognition for finding him and could learn things that would ensure that no one laughed at him again. However, Voldemort, after finding out that he taught at Hogwarts, took over his body, though Quirrell put up some feeble resistance. He died when trying in vain to murder Harry Potter.

More information: Wizarding World

Quirinus Quirrell was born presumably before 26 September, 1970, somewhere in the British Isles, to at least one magical parent. He also had some muggle heritage. Quirinus attended Hogwarts, where he was Sorted into Ravenclaw House. It is likely that he acquired his wand from Ollivanders when he was eleven.

After teaching Muggle Studies for some time, he took a year-long sabbatical in 1990 in order to gain first-hand experience, though in reality he had taken a Grand Tour around the world in order to hopefully find whatever remained of Voldemort after his first defeat, partly out of curiosity, partly out of that unacknowledged desire for importance from his childhood.

Quirrell also adopted a turban for everyday use after this sabbatical, claiming to have received it from an African prince as compensation for disposing of a zombie. It was also rumoured that he encountered vampires in the Black Forest, in Albania, and had a nasty bit of trouble with a hag.

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Quirrell spent his last year of life attempting to procure the Philosopher's Stone for Voldemort, who used his nervous disposition to his advantage, as his perceived lack of confidence had earned very little respect from the students at Hogwarts and consequently diverted suspicion away from his plans.

Quirrell was able to penetrate the first six chambers that protected the Philosopher's Stone, including the chamber in which he himself put a troll. He reached the final chamber only to find the Mirror of Erised, and was unable to figure out how to take the stone from it, going so far as to consider smashing the mirror.

Quirrell's life ended then, when Voldemort forced him to attempt the murder of Harry Potter, figuring out Harry had the Stone and being unable to persuade him to give it willingly. Unfortunately, the body Quirrell and Voldemort were both sharing manifested in burns and blisters during his fight with Harry due to the protective charm Harry's mother left in his skin when she died for him.

Harry collapsed from the pain in his scar, but Quirrell's body was burnt so horribly that Voldemort dispossessed his body and left him to die. However, despite being effectively turned into a living Horcrux for the last year of his life, Quirrell did not ultimately lose his soul, having even tried to put up feeble resistance on occasion, in spite of the fact that Voldemort was far too strong for him.

Quirrell was known to have a brilliant mind and had an excellent aptitude for theoretical learning, particularly when it came to Defensive Magic, though was less competent in the application of that knowledge.

The name Quirinus is possibly derived from the Sabine word quiris meaning spear. Quirinus was a Sabine and Roman god who was later identified with Mars. The name was also borne by several early saints.

Quirinus is also associated to the Roman god Janus, as in Janus Quirinus. Janus, the Roman god of beginnings and transitions, is often depicted as two-faced, with one visage looking forward, to the future, and one looking back, to the past. This image is reminiscent, of course, of Voldemort's face set opposite Quirrell's own.

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 P-P-Potter, c-can't t-tell you how

p- pleased I am to meet you.

Professor Quirinus Quirrell

ALASTOR 'MAD-EYE' MOODY, THE MOST FAMOUS AUROR

Alastor "Mad-Eye" Moody

Today, The Stones and The Grandma have attended to a Defence Against the Dark Arts masterclass offered by Alastor Mad-Eye Moody, a Scottish pure-blood wizard, considered to be the most famous Auror of all time.

Defence Against the Dark Arts, abbreviated as DADA, is a subject taught at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and Ilvermorny School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. 

In this class, students study and learn how to defend themselves against all aspects of the Dark Arts, including dark creatures, curses, hexes and jinxes (dark charms), and duelling.

The class is a core subject at Hogwarts. The position of Defence Against the Dark Arts professor at the school was once rumoured to be jinxed, as no teacher could hold the post for more than a year without suffering an unpleasant fate. Tom Riddle jinxed the position because Albus Dumbledore did not give him the job when he applied for it. The fact that no teacher has lasted longer than a year meant that the subject has had numerous Professors. Ilvermorny began teaching the subject in the 17th century.

Before assisting to the class, The Grandma has offered The Stones another Cambridge Key English Test A2 Example.

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Alastor Mad-Eye Moody is a Scottish pure-blood wizard, considered to be the most famous Auror of all time. He was a pivotal member of the Order of the Phoenix during the First and Second Wizarding Wars.

Moody served with distinction during the first conflict, gaining a reputation as a skilful battler against the Dark Arts and sacrificing an eye, a leg, and part of his nose during the conflict. As an Aur or, he played a role in the imprisonment of many of the inhabitants of Azkaban. This activity led to his gaining many enemies and resulted in his becoming overly-cautious and paranoid about his security later in life.

He agreed to Albus Dumbledore's request to become the new Defence Against the Dark Arts Professor at Hogwarts, however he was kidnapped just prior to taking up the position by Barty Crouch Jr, who subsequently disguised himself as Moody as part of a plan to kidnap Harry Potter on the instructions of Lord Voldemort.

Alastor "Mad-Eye" Moody

Following his rescue from Barty Crouch, Jr, Moody joined the second Order of the Phoenix and fought in a number of the Second Wizarding War's battles, including the Battle of the Department of Mysteries and the Battle of the Seven Potters, dying during the latter.

His magical eye was later used by Dolores Umbridge to spy on her subordinates in the Muggle-Born Registration Commission. It was later retrieved by Harry Potter when he infiltrated the Ministry of Magic, and was given a proper burial by Harry in the forest close to where the 422nd Quidditch World Cup had been held three years prior.

Alastor Moody was born into the pure-blood Moody family. The precise date is unknown. His father and mother were both Aurors, as were many of his ancestors, the Moody family gained a reputation for producing many renowned Aurors.

Moody bought or inherited his wand at some point before his formal magical education began. He attended Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, but his house is unrecorded in Ministry records. He was known to be an excellent student however, gaining at least an Exceeds Expectations mark in five N.E.W.T. subjects.

More information: Wizarding World

Moody, during his time as an Auror, served the Ministry of Magic, fighting Death Eaters under Lord Voldemort's command. He was a key member of the Order of the Phoenix, led by Albus Dumbledore, in the struggle to defeat Voldemort, and his efforts were said to have led to half the cells in Azkaban being populated by Death Eaters he captured.

As the war continued, and the situation grew more fraught, the Ministry of Magic authorised their Aurors to use Unforgivable Curses against Death Eaters, a practice which continued for a time after Voldemort's fall from power.

Moody was known to have killed a number of Voldemort's followers, including Evan Rosier, however he avoided doing so where possible.

At some point during his life, Moody violently tore apart a birthday present, paranoid that it may be a cleverly disguised Basilisk egg. It turned out that it was only a carriage clock, though it is unknown if he rectified his mistake.

Alastor "Mad-Eye" Moody

It is believed that his activities during the First Wizarding War and his time as an Auror that led to Moody losing a leg, replaced by a wooden prosthesis, and an eye, replaced with a magical prosthesis. His work also led to significant facial scarring, including losing a piece of his nose in his fight with Evan Rosier.

At some point Moody retired from active service, though by this time he was considered the greatest Auror of all time. In addition, he took Nymphadora Tonks as his protege.

Mad-Eye captured Igor Karkaroff and the Death Eater was sent to Azkaban, until Karkaroff gave up the names of a number of his fellow Death Eaters in exchange for a lighter sentence.

Moody was present at Karkaroff's trial, where he made his dislike of the defector very clear, when the former Death Eater mentioned the names of Antonin Dolohov, Evan Rosier, killed by Moody personally, though at the cost of part of his nose, Travers, Mulciber, and Severus Snape, all of whom seemed to have already either been killed, captured, or defected, until he called the name of Augustus Rookwood.

Rookwood was an Unspeakable, and a double-agent, spying on the Ministry for Voldemort. This was news to the Ministry, but Karkaroff was sent back to Azkaban, pending a review into Rookwood's case; when Karkaroff's allegations proved true, he was released, and went on to take the position of Headmaster of Durmstrang Institute.

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Moody was convinced to come out of retirement by Albus Dumbledore and serve as Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry's latest Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher.

Before the school year began, however, Moody was attacked in his home by Barty Crouch Jr and Peter Pettigrew, at Voldemort's order. Moody proved more difficult to overcome than initially thought, and put up a significant fight which alerted his Muggle neighbours, but was overpowered and imprisoned in his own magical trunk. This was done as part of Voldemort's plan to regain power.

To this end, Barty Crouch Jr used Polyjuice Potion to take on Moody's form to replace him at Hogwarts, successfully fooling staff and pupils alike. Barty Crouch Jr drank Polyjuice Potion out of Moody's hipflask regularly, in imitation of the real Moody, and expressed many of Moody's normal habits. Doing this allowed him to impersonate Moody for almost the whole year without raising suspicion. 

Alastor "Mad-Eye" Moody

All the while, Crouch did his part in Voldemort's plan. Moody's life was spared due to Crouch needing his hair to create the Polyjuice Potion, and wanting to question Moody for his behaviour, patterns and such, so Crouch could successfully imitate him, all the while keeping Moody captive under the Imperius Curse. Working hard and using all of his cunning, Crouch-as-Moody ensured that Harry Potter would get into the Triwizard Tournament and ascend to the Third Task. Upon doing so, Voldemort used Harry Potter to return to life in a body of his own with all its powers once again.

When Crouch learned of this upon Harry's return, he tried to murder him, but Albus Dumbledore, Minerva McGonagall, and Severus Snape stopped him. The professors waited patiently for the Polyjuice Potion to wear off, revealing Crouch's true form.

Under the influence of Veritaserum, he admitted everything and Moody was freed from his trunk. After recuperating in the Hospital Wing, Moody returned to health, but was, if possible, even more paranoid for his safety than before; and his eye occasionally got stuck as a result of Crouch having worn it.

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Moody was described as having a growling voice and looking as though his face was roughly carved from wood. Due to injuries from his long career as an Auror, it was covered with scars, and a chunk of his nose was missing. He had dark grey, grizzled hair. He also had a wooden leg that was described as having a clawed foot.

His eyes, however, were described as his most shocking feature: one was small and dark while the other was a vivid, electric blue magical eye that moved around independently from his normal eye, giving him the nickname of Mad-Eye Moody, or simply Mad-Eye. This eye could see through objects, Invisibility cloaks and the back of his own head.

Alastor is Ancient Greek for he who does not forget, thus avenger, persecutor, tormenter, one who suffers from divine vengeance. It gives him, therefore, certain similarities to Alecto Carrow, whose name is that of the first of the Furies, or Erinyes, and means implacable anger. It is similar to Alastair, which is the Scottish form of Alexander, which means protector of mankind, and also evolved into Alistair.

Moody means temperamental or tending to quickly change moods.

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I don't know so much about 'Professor'.

Never got round to much teaching, did I?

Alastor Moody