Today, The Grandma has visited Staten Island. Meanwhile, The Newtons have continued preparing their Cambridge Exam. They have studied some vocabulary about Personal Details and Family Matters.
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Located in the city's southwest portion, the borough is separated from New Jersey by the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull and from the rest of New York by New York Bay.
With a population of 495,747 in the 2020 Census, Staten Island is the least populated borough but the third largest in land area at 152 km2.
A home to the Lenape indigenous people, the island was settled by Dutch colonists in the 17th century.
It was one of the 12 original counties of New York state.
Staten Island was consolidated with New York City in 1898. It was formally known as the Borough of Richmond until 1975, when its name was changed to Borough of Staten Island.
Staten Island has sometimes been called the forgotten borough by inhabitants who feel neglected by the city government.
The North Shore -especially the neighbourhoods of St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton- is the island's most urban area. It contains the designated St. George Historic District and the St. Paul's Avenue-Stapleton Heights Historic District, which feature large Victorian houses.
The East Shore is home to the 4-kilometer F.D.R. Boardwalk, the world's fourth-longest boardwalk.
The South Shore, site of the 17th-century Dutch and French Huguenot settlement, developed rapidly beginning in the 1960s and 1970s and is now mostly suburban.
The West Shore is the island's least populated and most industrial part.
Motor traffic can reach the borough from Brooklyn by the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge and from New Jersey by the Outerbridge Crossing, Goethals Bridge and Bayonne Bridge.
Staten Island has Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) bus lines and an MTA rapid transit line, the Staten Island Railway, which runs from the ferry terminal at St. George to Tottenville.
More information: Silive
Staten Island is the only borough not connected to the New York City Subway system.
The free Staten Island Ferry connects the borough to Manhattan across New York Harbor. It provides views of the Statue of Liberty, Ellis Island, and Lower Manhattan.
As in much of North America, human habitation appeared on the island fairly rapidly after the Wisconsin glaciation. Archaeologists have recovered tool evidence of Clovis culture activity dating from about 14,000 years ago. This evidence was first discovered in 1917 in the Charleston section of the island. Various Clovis artifacts have been discovered since then, on property owned by Mobil Oil.
The first recorded European contact on the island was in 1520 by Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano who sailed through The Narrows on the ship La Dauphine and anchored for one night.
The Dutch did not establish a permanent settlement on Staaten Eylandt for many decades. Its name derived from the Staten Generaal, the parliament of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands. From 1639 to 1655, Cornelis Melyn and David de Vries made three separate attempts to establish one there, but each time the settlement was destroyed in conflicts between the Dutch and the local tribe.
In 1661, the first permanent Dutch settlement was established at Oude Dorp (Dutch for Old Village) by a small group of Dutch, Walloon, and French Huguenot families, just south of the Narrows near South Beach. Many French Huguenots had gone to the Netherlands as refugees from the religious wars in France, suffering persecution for their Protestant faith, and some joined the emigration to New Netherland. At one point nearly a third of the residents of the Island spoke French.
The last vestige of Oude Dorp is the name of the present-day neighborhood of Old Town adjacent to Old Town Road.
Staten Island was not spared the bloodshed that culminated in Kieft's War. In the summer of 1641 and in 1642, Native American tribes laid waste to Old Town.
In addition to the main island, the borough and county also include several small uninhabited islands:
-The Isle of Meadows (at the mouth of Fresh Kills).
-Prall's Island (in the Arthur Kill).
-Shooters Island (in Newark Bay; part of it is in New Jersey).
-Swinburne Island (in Lower New York Bay).
-Hoffman Island (in Lower New York Bay).
More information: Time Out
is the most complex of the city's boroughs,
containing the terminal moraine of the last ice age,
a fault line from 470 million years ago,
the southern tail of the Palisades formation,
and sediments collected over the millennia.
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