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Margaret Higgins Sanger (September 14, 1879-September 6, 1966), also known as Margaret Sanger Slee, was an American birth control activist, sex educator, writer, and nurse.
Sanger popularized the term birth control, opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, and established organizations that evolved into the Planned Parenthood Federation of America.
Sanger was born Margaret Louise Higgins in 1879 in Corning, New York, to Irish Catholic parents -a free-thinking stonemason father, Michael Hennessey Higgins, and Anne Purcell Higgins.
Sanger used her writings and speeches primarily to promote her way of thinking. She was prosecuted for her book Family Limitation under the Comstock Act in 1914. She feared the consequences of her writings, so she fled to Britain until public opinion had quieted.
Sanger's efforts contributed to several judicial cases that helped legalize contraception in the United States.
Due to her connection with Planned Parenthood, Sanger is a frequent target of criticism by opponents of abortion. However, Sanger drew a sharp distinction between birth control and abortion and was opposed to abortions throughout the bulk of her professional career, declining to participate in them as a nurse.
Sanger remains an admired figure in the American reproductive rights movement. She has been criticized for supporting eugenics.
In 1916, Sanger opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, which led to her arrest for distributing information on contraception, after an undercover policewoman bought a copy of her pamphlet on family planning.
Her subsequent trial and appeal generated controversy. Sanger felt that in order for women to have a more equal footing in society and to lead healthier lives, they needed to be able to determine when to bear children. She also wanted to prevent so-called back-alley abortions, which were common at the time because abortions were illegal in the United States.
She believed that, while abortion may be a viable option in life-threatening situations for the pregnant, it should generally be avoided. She considered contraception the only practical way to avoid them.
In 1921, Sanger founded the American Birth Control League, which later became the Planned Parenthood Federation of America.
In New York City, she organized the first birth control clinic to be staffed by all-female doctors, as well as a clinic in Harlem which had an all African-American advisory council, where African-American staff were later added.
In 1929, she formed the National Committee on Federal Legislation for Birth Control, which served as the focal point of her lobbying efforts to legalize contraception in the United States.
From 1952 to 1959, Sanger served as president of the International Planned Parenthood Federation. She died in 1966 and is widely regarded as a founder of the modern birth control movement.
More information: ThoughtCo
Sex and the City is an American romantic comedy-drama television series created by Darren Star for HBO.
It is an adaptation of Candace Bushnell's newspaper column and 1996 book anthology of the same name. The series premiered in the United States on June 6, 1998, and concluded on February 22, 2004, with 94 episodes broadcast over six seasons. Throughout its development, the series received contributions from various producers, screenwriters, and directors, principally Michael Patrick King.
Set and filmed in New York City, the show follows the lives of a group of four women -three in their mid-thirties and one in her forties- who, despite their different natures and ever-changing sex lives, remain inseparable and confide in each other.
Starring Sarah Jessica Parker (as Carrie Bradshaw) and co-starring Kim Cattrall (as Samantha Jones), Kristin Davis (as Charlotte York), and Cynthia Nixon (as Miranda Hobbes), the series had multiple continuing storylines that tackled relevant and modern social issues such as sexuality, safe sex, promiscuity, and femininity, while exploring the difference between friendships and romantic relationships.
The deliberate omission of the better part of the early lives of the four women was the writers' way of exploring social life -from sex to relationships- through each of their four very different, individual perspectives.
Sex and the City has received both acclaim and criticism for its subjects and characters, and is credited with helping to increase HBO's popularity as a network.
The series has won several accolades, including seven of its 54 Emmy Award nominations, eight of its 24 Golden Globe Award nominations, and three of its 11 Screen Actors Guild Award nominations. The series placed fifth on Entertainment Weekly's New TV Classics list, and has been listed as one of the best television series of all time by Time in 2007 and TV Guide in 2013.
The series still airs in syndication worldwide. It spawned two feature films, Sex and the City (2008) and Sex and the City 2 (2010), and a prequel television series commissioned by The CW, The Carrie Diaries (2013-14).
A sequel series titled And Just Like That… premiered on HBO Max on December 9, 2021. The series features Parker, Davis and Nixon reprising their roles, with Cattrall choosing not to return.
More information: HBO
In New York, they say,
you're always looking for a job,
a boyfriend or an apartment.
Carrie Bradshaw
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